Collaborative Research: The community ecology of viral pathogens - Causes and consequences of coinfection in hosts and vectors

合作研究：病毒病原体的群落生态学——宿主和媒介物共同感染的原因和后果

• 批准号: 1015825
• 负责人: Kevin Gross
• 金额: $ 35.86万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1015825&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; community; ecology; viral

Many individual host organisms, including humans, are simultaneously coinfected by multiple pathogen species. The diversity (number and identity) of coinfecting pathogens can modulate both pathogen transmission among hosts and pathogen impacts on hosts. Nonetheless, little is known about the processes that govern pathogen diversity. This research will integrate field experiments and mathematical models to study the causes and consequences of pathogen diversity. The study consists of a model system of five viral pathogens of grasses (the cereal and barley yellow dwarf viruses). This approach will allow the investigation of the interacting roles of the pathogen species themselves, the insect vectors that transmit them, their plant hosts, climate conditions, and spatial processes in controlling the dynamics of systems that include multiple pathogen species. Further, it will elucidate the mechanisms by which pathogens interact, and evaluate the consequences of these interactions for pathogen transmission and host fitness. This study will be of both scientific and societal significance. The work will advance the understanding multi-pathogen dynamics - a key step towards developing a comprehensive understanding of the ecology of infectious disease. It will include participation of under-represented groups, community outreach, and dissemination of results through both public talks and peer-reviewed journals. The investigators will integrate this research with education at both K-12 and university levels. The pathogens are among the most economically important viruses of crops, so this study may have benefits for agriculture. Moreover, these pathogens provide an experimentally tractable model for vector-transmitted generalist pathogens, the dominant type of emerging pathogen of humans, crops, and other species.

许多单独的宿主生物，包括人类，同时由多种病原体物种共同感染。共同感染病原体的多样性（数量和身份）可以调节宿主之间的病原体传播和病原体对宿主的影响。尽管如此，对控制病原体多样性的过程知之甚少。这项研究将整合现场实验和数学模型，以研究病原体多样性的原因和后果。该研究由一种模型系统组成，该模型由五种病毒病原体（谷物和大麦黄色矮人病毒）组成。这种方法将允许研究病原体物种本身的相互作用，传播它们的昆虫向量，其植物宿主，气候条件和空间过程控制包括多种病原体物种的系统动力学。此外，它将阐明病原体相互作用的机制，并评估这些相互作用对病原体传播和宿主适应性的后果。 这项研究将具有科学和社会意义。这项工作将促进理解多病原动力学的理解 - 迈向对传染病生态的全面理解的关键步骤。它将包括参与不足的团体，社区宣传以及通过公众谈判和同行评审的期刊传播结果。研究人员将将这项研究与K-12和大学级别的教育融合在一起。病原体是作物最经济上最重要的病毒之一，因此这项研究可能对农业有好处。此外，这些病原体为载体传播的通才病原体，人类，农作物和其他物种的主要出现病原体的主要类型提供了一种实验性处理模型。