Steps Towards Achieving Precision Radial Velocities in the NIR: Developing and Testing Techniques with a 1.75um cutoff H2RG array for a Pathfinder Instrument

在 NIR 中实现精确径向速度的步骤：使用用于 Pathfinder 仪器的 1.75um 截止 H2RG 阵列开发和测试技术

• 批准号: 1006676
• 负责人: Suvrath Mahadevan
• 金额: $ 67.09万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1006676&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Steps; Towards; Achieving; Precision; Radial

It has not been long since the only known planets resided in our solar system. Today, world-wide planet-finding efforts have identified over 400 planets orbiting more than 300 stars, and the contrast in properties between many of these systems and our solar system is challenging our understanding of planetary formation and evolution. The Holy Grail of planet-finding has always been to identify objects with near-Earth masses orbiting in the habitable zone of the host star. These planets offer the opportunity to search for evidence of life and thereby develop a better perspective on how it originated and flourished on Earth.The detection of Earth-like planetary masses through the reflex motion of the host star requires either extremely high velocity precision measurements of moderate mass stars - beyond the capabilities of today's best instruments - or the study of low-mass main-sequence (i.e. M spectral type) stars. Because the latter are also very cool, they are faint and the target list is very short for optical studies even with the world's largest telescopes. Dr. Suvrath Mahadevan at the Penn State University plans to upgrade an existing near-infrared laboratory spectrograph that has pioneered some of the techniques used in the above-mentioned discoveries and to apply that spectrograph at the Hobby-Eberly 9-m telescope toward the discovery of Earth-mass planets orbiting low-mass stars. In the near-IR, cool stars are bright and replete with narrow absorption features suitable for radial velocity analysis. Dr. Mahadevan is taking a reasonable and cost-effective approach by employing a sensitivity-cutoff detector array to greatly reduce the cooling requirements of the instrument and Fabry-Perot etalons and gas cells developed for the telecom industry to accomplish accurate wavelength calibration. Soon, this small but experienced group of scientists and students will bring a new instrument to make use of an important spectral region in the study of extrasolar planets. Funding for this work is being provided by NSF's Division of Astronomical Sciences through its Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation program.

自从我们的太阳系中唯一已知的行星以来，它已经不久了。 如今，世界范围内的行星进行努力已经确定了超过300颗恒星的400多个行星，许多这些系统与我们的太阳系之间的属性对比挑战了我们对行星形成和进化的理解。 行星发现的圣杯一直是在宿主恒星的宜居区中识别出近地群体的物体。 这些星球提供了寻找生命证据的机会，从而对其在地球上的起源和繁荣进行了更好的看法。通过寄主恒星的反射运动对地球状的行星质量的检测需要极高的速度精度测量中等质量恒星的精确度测量 - 超出了当今最佳器械的能力，或者是当今最佳级别的恒星的研究 - 或类型序列（类型）。 由于后者也很酷，因此即使在世界上最大的望远镜的望远镜中，它们也很虚弱，并且目标列表也很短。 宾夕法尼亚州立大学的Suvrath Mahadevan博士计划升级现有的近红外实验室光谱仪，该光谱仪开创了上述发现中使用的一些技术，并在Hobby-Eby-Ebly-Ebly-Ebly-Ebly-Ebly 9-m的远程远距离上应用了该光谱仪，以发现地球量的行星的发现，可发现地球群的驱动器旋转低水量恒星。 在近红外，凉爽的恒星亮，充满了狭窄的吸收特征，适合径向速度分析。 Mahadevan博士通过采用灵敏度切割探测器阵列来大大减少仪器的冷却要求，而Fabry-Perrot Etalons和为电信行业开发的气体来实现准确的波长校准，从而采取了合理且具有成本效益的方法。 很快，这个小而经验丰富的科学家和学生将带来新的工具，以在研究外行星研究中利用重要的光谱区域。 NSF的天文学科学部通过其先进的技术和仪器计划提供了这项工作的资金。

项目成果

TOI-1728b: The Habitable-zone Planet Finder Confirms a Warm Super-Neptune Orbiting an M-dwarf Host

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aba0a2
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: S. Kanodia;C. Cañas;G. Stefansson;J. Ninan;L. Hebb;Andrea S. J. Lin;Helen Baran;M. Maney

A Sub-Neptune-sized Planet Transiting the M2.5 Dwarf G 9-40: Validation with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab5f15
• 发表时间: 2019-12
• 期刊: The Astronomical Journal
• 作者: G. Stefansson;C. Cañas;J. Wisniewski;Paul Robertson;S. Mahadevan;M. Maney;S. Kanodia;C. Beard-C.-Bear