Anapole Moment Studies in Francium

钫的阿纳波矩研究

• 批准号: 0969250
• 负责人: Luis Orozco
• 金额: $ 42.67万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0969250&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Anapole; Moment; Studies; Francium

The researchers will investigate aspects of the weak interaction, the force responsible for radioactivity, inside the nucleus of the least stable naturally occurring element, francium. Unlike the other three fundamental forces, the weak interaction does not act symmetrically in all circumstances. It behaves one way in one set of spatial coordinates, and another way when those coordinates are exchanged for a mirror image, a phenomenon called parity violation. The experiments will explore manifestations of this intrinsic handedness in different isotopes of francium confined in a laser trap and excited with microwaves. "Forbidden" (extremely rare) transitions by the atoms are linked to the presence of a peculiar shape of the current inside the nucleus, the anapole moment, that follows the surface of a bagel. To date this has only been observed in one isotope of cesium. Because the anapole moment is strongly affected by the number of neutrons that contribute to the parity-violating weak interaction, changing the isotope and repeating the experiment will allow measurements of parameters that characterize the weak interaction in the nucleus. This international effort, taking place at TRIUMF, the accelerator in Vancouver Canada, will allow two graduate students to be educated in the boundary between atomic, molecular and optical physics and nuclear physics. Local undergraduates will participate during the academic year; and in the summer Mexican students will take part through a program coordinated by the Sociedad Mexicana de Física.

研究人员将研究弱相互作用的各个方面，负责放射性的力，内部最不稳定的天然元素的核心。与其他三个基本力量不同，在所有情况下，弱相互作用都不对称。在一组空间坐标中，它的行为是一种方式，当这些坐标被换成镜像时，这是一种称为平等违规的现象。这些实验将探索这种内在的触觉的表现，这些固有的手法在限制在激光陷阱中并用微波激发的法兰氏菌的不同同位素中。原子的“禁止”（极为罕见的）过渡与核内部内部电流的特殊形状（Anapole矩）相关，后者沿Bagel的表面。迄今为止，仅在一个剖宫产的同位素中观察到这一点。因为Anapole力矩受到有助于差异弱相互作用的中子数量的强烈影响，改变同位素并重复实验将允许测量表征核中弱相互作用的参数。这项国际努力是在加拿大温哥华的加速器Triumf举行的，将允许两名研究生在原子，分子和光学物理与核物理学之间的边界上受过教育。当地的本科生将在学年参加；在夏季，墨西哥学生将参加由墨西哥社会墨西哥社会的计划。