Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: The Effects of Forelimb Anatomy on Throwing Performance: a Biomechanical Analysis

博士论文改进补助金：前肢解剖结构对投掷性能的影响：生物力学分析

• 批准号: 0961943
• 负责人: Daniel Lieberman
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2012-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0961943&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Effects

This project studies how changes in the body that occurred during human evolution affect the ability to throw well. Humans are unique among primates in being able to throw objects with both great precision and speed. This ability may have helped our ancestors hunt and defend themselves. To better understand the evolution and biomechanical bases for human throwing capabilities, this study investigates how changes in the shape of the bones in the arms, shoulders and back affect throwing performance. The researchers are collecting data on how the body moves during a throw using a high speed, 3D camera system. They will then use a custom written computer program to break down and examine the individual motions of each body part during that throw. These data will be collected from a large sample of individuals who vary in the anatomy of their arms, shoulders and back. In addition, restrictive braces will be used to alter the throwing motion in controlled ways. These manipulations will allow us to assess how different components of the trunk and arms contribute to speed and accuracy. This project uses an interdisciplinary approach combining aspects of anthropology, biology, physics and sports medicine to address how different aspects of human anatomy relate to throwing performance. A better understanding of this relationship will improve not only our understanding of human evolution, but will also contribute to our knowledge of how injury occurs in throwing athletes.

该项目研究了人类进化过程中发生的身体变化如何影响抛球的能力。人类在能够以高精度和速度抛出对象的方面是独一无二的。这种能力可能帮助我们的祖先狩猎和捍卫自己。 为了更好地了解人类投掷能力的进化和生物力学基础，这项研究研究了手臂，肩膀和背部骨骼形状的变化如何影响投掷性能。研究人员正在使用高速3D相机系统收集有关身体在投掷过程中如何移动的数据。然后，他们将使用自定义的书面计算机程序分解并检查该投掷过程中每个身体部位的各个动作。这些数据将从大量在手臂，肩膀和背部解剖结构中变化的个体样本中收集。此外，将使用限制性的牙套以受控方式改变投掷运动。这些操作将使我们能够评估行李箱的不同组成部分以及武器的不同组成部分如何促进速度和准确性。该项目采用跨学科方法结合了人类学，生物学，物理和运动医学方面的各个方面，以解决人类解剖学的不同方面与投掷性能的不同方面。对这种关系的更好理解不仅会改善我们对人类进化的理解，而且还将有助于我们了解伤害如何在投掷运动员时发生的知识。