CAREER: Emergent Phenomena in New Quantum Materials

职业：新量子材料中的新兴现象

• 批准号: 0952428
• 负责人: Bogdan Bernevig
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0952428&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Emergent; Phenomena; New; Quantum

TECHNICAL SUMMARY This CAREER award supports theoretical research and education to investigate recently discovered materials and materials-related effects involving strongly correlated electrons and spin dynamics. The research has four main thrusts: 1) Iron-based oxypnictide superconductors. The PI's study will have particular emphasis on the mechanism responsible for their high-temperature superconductivity, the pairing symmetry, possible new collective modes in the superconducting state, development of new techniques beyond one-loop functional renormalization group to deal with strongly correlated systems, and experimentally testable predictions of different weak and strong-coupling theories. The PI will also focus some effort on issues in cuprate superconductors such as investigation of Gutzwiller-projected wavefunctions. 2) Non-abelian fractional quantum Hall states and non-abelian fractional statistics. The research will focus on understanding the imprint of topological order and pushing the boundaries of numerical computation for these truly strongly-interacting systems through new and insightful approximations. 3) Topological insulators and the quantum spin Hall effect. The research will have emphasis on the prediction of new materials exhibiting this effect, the physics of the gapless edge and surface states at low-temperature, experimentally falsifiable predictions about the bulk physics of these materials when doped and subjected to magnetic and electric fields, and novel transport laws that they might exhibit. The PI will also look into the possibility of using these materials in specific thermoelectric devices. 4) The effects of spin-charge dynamics in systems with strong spin-orbit coupling in both the diffusive and ballistic regimes, and the study of new spin-relaxation mechanisms, such as random spin-orbit coupling. The educational activities associated with this CAREER award include several initiatives geared toward making substantial contributions to undergraduate and graduate education through pedagogical course development coupled with research seminars, outreach activities in the form of lecture series and one-semester courses designed for non-science students and the general public, as well as fostering interactions between academia and industry. Some of these initiatives will leverage resources of the Princeton Center for Theoretical Science to uniquely maximize the impact of the planned educational activities.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY This CAREER award supports theoretical research and education on new materials with interesting and exciting properties, and intriguing new effects. These include iron-based superconductors and topological insulators. Superconducting materials can conduct electricity without losses when they are cooled to sufficiently low temperature which is well below room temperature. The iron-based superconductors are interesting because they remain superconducting to higher temperatures than many other known materials. Understanding these materials may hold the key to achieving superconductivity at room temperature. The PI aims to understand how electrons in these materials organize themselves into high temperature superconducting states. The PI will also use theoretical methods to search for new materials that are topological insulators. Like ordinary insulators, for example rubber, topological insulators do not conduct electricity though the interior of the material. Unlike ordinary insulators, topological insulators are able to conduct electricity on their edges or boundaries through the formation of a new state of matter. Among the known topological insulators are compounds made of the elements bismuth and selenium, and bismuth and tellurium. This award supports fundamental research that advances our fundamental understanding of how electrons organize themselves into new states of matter which exist in or on the surface of materials. Their existence is in part a consequence of properties of the materials. While interesting in their own right, the study of these new states of matter may lead to foundations for new device technologies. Research successes leading to the discovery of new high temperature superconductor materials may lead to significant energy savings by enabling low loss energy transmission. The PI will interact closely with several experimental groups working on these problems to ensure that the research will benefit the overall progress of the fields indicated. The educational activities associated with this CAREER award include several initiatives geared toward making substantial contributions to undergraduate and graduate education through pedagogical course development coupled with research seminars, outreach activities in the form of lecture series and one-semester courses designed for non-science students and the general public, as well as fostering interactions between academia and industry. Some of these initiatives will leverage resources of the Princeton Center for Theoretical Science to uniquely maximize the impact of the planned educational activities.

技术摘要 该职业奖支持理论研究和教育，以调查最近发现的涉及强相关电子和自旋动力学的材料和材料相关效应。该研究有四个主要方向：1）铁基氧磷超导体。 PI的研究将特别强调其高温超导性的机制、配对对称性、超导态下可能的新集体模式、单环函数重正化群之外处理强相关系统的新技术的开发，以及不同弱耦合和强耦合理论的可实验检验的预测。 PI 还将重点研究铜酸盐超导体的问题，例如 Gutzwiller 投影波函数的研究。 2）非阿贝尔分数量子霍尔态和非阿贝尔分数统计。该研究将侧重于理解拓扑顺序的印记，并通过新的、富有洞察力的近似来突破这些真正强相互作用系统的数值计算的界限。 3）拓扑绝缘体和量子自旋霍尔效应。该研究将重点关注表现出这种效应的新材料的预测、低温下无间隙边缘和表面状态的物理现象、这些材料在掺杂并受到磁场和电场作用时的体物理现象的实验上可证伪的预测，以及他们可能展示的新颖的运输法则。 PI 还将研究在特定热电设备中使用这些材料的可能性。 4）在扩散和弹道状态下具有强自旋轨道耦合的系统中自旋电荷动力学的影响，以及新的自旋弛豫机制的研究，例如随机自旋轨道耦合。与该职业奖相关的教育活动包括多项旨在通过教学课程开发、研究研讨会、系列讲座形式的外展活动以及为非理科学生设计的一学期课程，为本科生和研究生教育做出重大贡献的举措。公众，以及促进学术界和工业界之间的互动。其中一些举措将利用普林斯顿理论科学中心的资源，以独特的方式最大限度地发挥所计划的教育活动的影响。非技术摘要该职业奖支持具有有趣和令人兴奋的特性以及令人着迷的新效果的新材料的理论研究和教育。 其中包括铁基超导体和拓扑绝缘体。当超导材料冷却到远低于室温的足够低的温度时，可以无损耗地导电。铁基超导体很有趣，因为它们比许多其他已知材料在更高的温度下仍保持超导性。了解这些材料可能是实现室温超导的关键。 PI 旨在了解这些材料中的电子如何将自身组织成高温超导状态。 PI还将利用理论方法寻找拓扑绝缘体新材料。与普通绝缘体（例如橡胶）一样，拓扑绝缘体不会通过材料内部导电。与普通绝缘体不同，拓扑绝缘体能够通过形成新的物质状态在其边缘或边界上导电。已知的拓扑绝缘体包括由元素铋和硒、以及铋和碲制成的化合物。该奖项支持基础研究，促进我们对电子如何组织成存在于材料内部或表面的新物质状态的基本理解。它们的存在部分是材料特性的结果。虽然这些新物质状态的研究本身很有趣，但可能会为新设备技术奠定基础。导致新型高温超导材料发现的研究成功可能会通过实现低损耗能量传输来显着节省能源。 PI将与研究这些问题的几个实验小组密切互动，以确保研究有利于所指出领域的整体进展。与该职业奖相关的教育活动包括多项旨在通过教学课程开发、研究研讨会、系列讲座形式的外展活动以及为非理科学生设计的一学期课程，为本科生和研究生教育做出重大贡献的举措。公众，以及促进学术界和工业界之间的互动。其中一些举措将利用普林斯顿理论科学中心的资源，以独特的方式最大限度地发挥所计划的教育活动的影响。