Collaborative Research: Role of Arabidopsis CTD-Phosphatase-Like 1 in Gene Silencing Pathways

合作研究：拟南芥 CTD-磷酸酶样 1 在基因沉默途径中的作用

• 批准号: 0950459
• 负责人: Hisashi Koiwa
• 金额: $ 57.1万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-15 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0950459&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Role; Arabidopsis; CTD

Gene expression is achieved through transcription of DNA into RNA transcripts, known as messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Establishing the proper level of cellular transcripts is achieved by balancing the activity of production and degradation of mRNAs. Gene silencing is a process that regulates this balance both by repressing production (transcriptional gene silencing) and by promoting degradation (post-transcriptional gene silencing) of target transcripts. Some of the central components of the gene silencing machinery are small double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and proteins that bind to cellular dsRNAs. The gene silencing machinery of plants has both universal components and components only found in the plant kingdom. Some of the unique components have been implicated not only in normal plant growth and development but also in resistance to stress. This project will determine the role of carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatase-like 1, CPL1, a unique plant protein phosphatase in the gene silencing pathway. CPL1 is a repressor of multiple target genes. Preliminary data suggest that CPL1 can function both in transcriptional silencing and post-transcriptional silencing, however, the mechanism for this observation has not been elucidated. This study will use multiple approaches such as genetic, molecular, and biochemical analyses to dissect novel components of gene silencing in plants. The scientific discovery anticipated from this project will provide deeper insight of gene expression mechanisms relevant not only in the plant biology but also in broader biological science.This project will train post-doctoral associates and one graduate student. The collaborative nature of this project provides the participants multidisciplinary expertise in molecular genetics and biochemistry as well as teaching opportunities through the lab course described below. To train future scientists from diverse backgrounds, a graduate-level laboratory module for the course Physiological and Molecular Basis of Plant Stress Responses in which students will have hands-on experience, will be established. Teaching materials will be shared between collaborating institutions, and research materials generated in the project will be used in the classroom/lab as well.

通过将DNA转录到RNA转录物中，称为Messenger RNA（mRNA）来实现基因表达。 通过平衡生产和mRNA降解的活性来建立适当的细胞转录本。 基因沉默是一个通过抑制产量（转录基因沉默）和促进目标转录物的降解（转录后基因沉默）来调节这种平衡的过程。 基因沉默机制的某些中心成分是小的双链RNA（dsRNA）和与细胞DSRNA结合的蛋白质。 植物的基因沉默机制既有普遍的成分和仅在植物王国中发现的成分。 一些独特的组件不仅与正常的植物生长和发育有关，而且还涉及对压力的抵抗。 该项目将确定羧基末端结构域（CTD）类磷酸酶样1，CPL1（CPL1）在基因沉默途径中独特的植物蛋白磷酸酶。 CPL1是多个靶基因的阻遏物。 初步数据表明，CPL1可以在转录沉默和转录后沉默中起作用，但是，尚未阐明该观察的机制。 这项研究将使用多种方法，例如遗传，分子和生化分析，以剖析植物中基因沉默的新成分。 该项目预期的科学发现将提供更深入的了解基因表达机制，不仅与植物生物学相关，而且在更广泛的生物科学中相关。该项目将培训博士后的同事和一名研究生。 该项目的协作性质为参与者提供了分子遗传学和生物化学方面的多学科专业知识，并通过下面介绍的实验室课程提供了教学机会。为了培训来自不同背景的未来科学家，将建立一个研究生级的实验室模块，用于植物压力反应的生理和分子基础，其中学生将拥有动手实践经验。 教学机构将共享教材，项目中生成的研究材料也将在课堂/实验室中使用。