Top-Down Constraints on North American Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Emissions From Tall Tower Measurements and Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Modeling

高塔测量和拉格朗日粒子分散模型对北美生物挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 排放的自上而下约束

• 批准号: 0937004
• 负责人: Dylan Millet
• 金额: $ 46.22万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0937004&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Top; Down; Constraints; North; American

Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are precursors of tropospheric ozone, carbon monoxide (CO), formaldehyde, and organic aerosol, and play a central role in hydrogen oxides (HOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOy) cycling. Terrestrial ecosystems are the dominant source of VOCs to the global atmosphere. This research will advance scientific understanding of biogenic VOC (BVOC) emissions and their atmospheric effects by addressing the following core questions: What is the landscape to regional-scale distribution of BVOC fluxes, and how do they respond to environmental forcing and phenology? What is the seasonal impact of BVOCs on CO and other key atmospheric species? What roles do BVOCs play during spring and fall in driving a chemical transition between NOx and VOC-limited regimes for ozone production? The research applies a new measurement-model approach linking tall tower BVOC measurements with Lagrangian and inverse modeling. Work will focus on isoprene, methanol, and acetone - three of the most ubiquitous and important BVOCs. Specific tasks will include: 1) Measure BVOC and CO concentrations at an Ameriflux tall tower (244 m) in the US Midwest. Measurements will span two full annual cycles. 2) Analyze the VOC concentrations and variability in relation to upstream sources, landcover, and season. This unique dataset will yield new insights into the controls on atmospheric VOC abundance and chemical impacts on timescales from minutes to years. 3) Relate the measurements quantitatively to regional sources using the Stochastic Time- Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model and state-of-science emission inventories. 4) Apply a formal Bayesian inverse analysis to place new constraints on landscape-to-regional scale (~ 100 - 1,000 km) BVOC sources. 5) Explore the seasonal dependence of emissions and the resulting photochemical effects on CO and other key species.Broader impact and outreach components of the work include: 1) Broadening the participation of underrepresented students in Earth Science research through a partnership with the McNair Scholars program; 2) Training graduate students in cutting-edge atmospheric chemistry measurement and modeling tools; 3) Developing a new model-measurement tool that should be broadly useful to the scientific community; 4) Active dissemination of scientific findings through conference presentations and scientific publications. Finalized data will be made public and readily available online.

大气挥发有机化合物（VOC）是对流层臭氧，一氧化碳（CO），甲醛和有机气溶胶的前体，在氢氧化物（HOX）和氮氧化物（NOY）循环中起着核心作用。 陆地生态系统是全球气氛中VOC的主要来源。 这项研究将通过解决以下核心问题来提高对生物VOC（BVOC）排放及其大气影响的科学理解：BVOC通量的区域规模分布的景观是什么，以及它们如何对环境强迫和物候学的反应？ BVOC对CO和其他关键大气物种的季节性影响是什么？ BVOC在春季和秋季扮演哪些角色在推动NOX和VOC限制的臭氧产生方案之间的化学转变方面发挥了哪些作用？ 该研究采用了一种新的测量模型方法，将高塔BVOC测量与拉格朗日和反向建模联系起来。 工作将集中于异戊二烯，甲醇和丙酮 - 三个最普遍，最重要的BVOC。 特定任务将包括：1）在美国中西部的Ameriflux高塔（244 m）处测量BVOC和CO浓度。 测量将跨越两个完整的年度周期。 2）分析与上游来源，陆生和季节相关的VOC浓度和可变性。 这个独特的数据集将为大气中的VOC丰度和化学影响对时间表的控制，从几分钟到几年中产生新的见解。 3）使用随机时间倒置的拉格朗日运输（高架）模型和科学发射清单来定量地将测量与区域源相关联。 4）应用正式的贝叶斯反向分析，对景观到区域量表（〜100-1,000 km）的BVOC来源进行新的约束。 5）探索排放的季节性依赖性以及对CO和其他关键物种的光化学作用。BOADER的影响和工作组成部分包括：1）通过与McNair Scholars计划的合作伙伴关系扩大代表性不足的学生参与地球科学研究； 2）培训尖端大气化学测量和建模工具的研究生； 3）开发一种新的模型测量工具，该工具应对科学界广泛有用； 4）通过会议演讲和科学出版物积极传播科学发现。 最终数据将公开，并随时在线提供。