Anthropological Research on Social Learning of Psychological States

心理状态社会学习的人类学研究

• 批准号: 0924145
• 负责人: Tanya Luhrmann
• 金额: $ 17.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0924145&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Anthropological; Research; Social; Learning; Psychological

Dr. Tanya Luhrmann (Stanford University) will undertake research on how some Americans learn to make judgments about experiences they label spiritual. The researcher draws upon prior ethnographic fieldwork that found that there are at least two distinct kinds of learning involved: the acquisition of cultural knowledge, or "discourse," and the development of specific psychological skills through prayer practice that change how people experience their minds and bodies. By focusing on the importance of learning in a social setting, the research will contribute to scientific understanding how some people learn to have intimate spiritual experiences and how powerful that learning experience can be in shaping the ways in which the world is experienced.The current project is framed around the hypotheses that (1) spiritual experience is shaped by combination of belief, proclivity, and practice; (2) that specific forms of learned kataphatic or imagination-based prayer increase mental imagery and unusual sensory experiences; and (3) that some individuals, who report more phenomena in the first place and score higher on an absorption scale, change more than others. Research methods include experimental prayer training followed by evaluation; intensive interviews about spiritual experience; and technical discourse analysis of taped reports of spiritual experiences. Data analysis will employ cyber-enabled text analysis and other methods used to systematically analyze qualitative data.

坦尼娅·鲁尔曼（Tanya Luhrmann）博士（斯坦福大学）将研究一些美国人如何学会对他们所谓的精神体验做出判断。研究人员利用之前的民族志实地调查发现，至少涉及两种不同类型的学习：获取文化知识或“话语”，以及通过祈祷练习发展特定的心理技能，从而改变人们体验思想和情感的方式。尸体。通过关注学习在社会环境中的重要性，该研究将有助于科学地理解一些人如何学习拥有亲密的精神体验，以及学习体验在塑造世界体验方式方面的力量有多大。当前项目围绕以下假设构建：（1）精神体验是由信仰、倾向和实践的结合塑造的； （2）特定形式的习得性转向或基于想象的祈祷会增加心理想象和不寻常的感官体验； (3) 有些人首先报告了更多的现象，并且在吸收量表上得分更高，他们比其他人改变得更多。研究方法包括实验性祈祷训练和评估；关于精神体验的密集访谈；以及对精神体验录音报告的技术话语分析。数据分析将采用网络文本分析和其他用于系统分析定性数据的方法。