Research Starter Grant - Causes and Consequences of Biocomplexity

研究启动补助金 - 生物复杂性的原因和后果

• 批准号: 0915173
• 负责人: Stephanie Carlson
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0915173&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Research; Starter; Grant; Causes; Consequences

Pacific salmon are renowned for the great diversity of life histories and morphologies among populations. This diversity is the product of the combination of natal homing, which leads to reproductively isolated populations, and spatially varying selection pressures. Divergent natural selection acting on heritable phenotypic traits then drives adaptation to local conditions and, ultimately, population differentiation. Diversity among salmon stocks is important for the long-term sustainability of salmon fisheries because the relative contribution to total production of a fishery shifts depending on the prevailing environmental conditions. The overall goal of the PI?s research program is to illuminate the causes and consequences of diversity among salmon stocks. This research three components. First is in depth exploration of the ecological and evolutionary causes of diversity among current populations of coho salmon. The second component is a study of the consequences of population homogenization (i.e., diversity loss) by focusing on California's recently collapsed Chinook salmon. Finally, a theoretical component will focus on advancing methods for analyzing selection. The research starter award will help to launch this research program.The results of this research will have direct implications for the management and conservation of Pacific salmon. In the United States, 28 Evolutionary Significant Units of Pacific salmonids are currently listed as threatened or endangered. Ten of these units are found, either wholly or in part, in California. Explicit consideration of the evolutionary challenges facing these organisms should result in more effective management and conservation efforts. The PI is making a strong effort to engage members of underrepresented groups in her research program.

太平洋鲑鱼以其种群生活史和形态的巨大多样性而闻名。这种多样性是出生归巢结合的产物，导致种群繁殖隔离和空间变化的选择压力。作用于可遗传表型性状的不同自然选择随后驱动对当地条件的适应，并最终导致种群分化。 鲑鱼种群的多样性对于鲑鱼渔业的长期可持续性非常重要，因为对渔业总产量的相对贡献根据当前的环境条件而变化。 PI 研究计划的总体目标是阐明鲑鱼种群多样性的原因和后果。本研究分为三个部分。首先是深入探索银鲑鱼当前种群多样性的生态和进化原因。第二部分是通过关注加利福尼亚州最近崩溃的奇努克鲑鱼来研究种群同质化（即多样性丧失）的后果。最后，理论部分将重点关注先进的分析选择方法。研究启动奖将有助于启动这项研究计划。这项研究的结果将对太平洋鲑鱼的管理和保护产生直接影响。在美国，28 个具有重要进化意义的太平洋鲑鱼目前被列为受威胁或濒危物种。其中十个单位全部或部分位于加利福尼亚州。明确考虑这些生物体面临的进化挑战应该会导致更有效的管理和保护工作。 PI 正在努力让代表性不足的群体成员参与她的研究项目。