Thermal Adaptation in Animals in the Temperate Zone - A Response to Rapid Climate Warming in Nature?

温带动物的热适应——自然界对气候快速变暖的反应？

• 批准号: 0917827
• 负责人: William Bradshaw
• 金额: $ 58.46万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0917827&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Thermal; Adaptation; Animals; Temperate; Zone

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The rate at which populations adapt to environmental change, and particularly to the rapid changes in temperature predicted from global warming, is a critical question across the environmental sciences. The investigator's previous research suggests that the primary evolutionary response to climate warming in the temperate zone involves seasonal or photoperiodic adaptations; thermal adaptation appears to be secondary and to require a much longer time (thousands of years) to develop. In this project, the researcher proposes a clever and robust test of the ability of the pitcher-plant mosquito to adapt to recent, rapid temperature changes on a decadal time frame. Mosquito populations were first tested in 1999 for their responses to experimentally controlled thermal environments. The PI will now re-sample these same populations and rear them under the same experimental conditions to determine whether mosquitoes have responded adaptively to temperature increases experienced over the past decade.Results from this research will reveal basic mechanisms that enable some organisms to adapt to climate change while others cannot. Organisms may first adapt to climate change by shifting their seasonal activity in response to photoperiod. The inability of an organism to adapt to rapid thermal changes could quickly limit the resilience that photoperiod adjustment alone permits. Undergraduate students will participate actively in this research. In addition, the project will continue to serve as a 'poster child' for the consequences of rapid environmental change. Results to date have been highlighted in over 30 national and international interviews, in popular magazine articles, on TV and radio broadcases, and in public lectures.

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。人口适应环境变化的速度，尤其是全球变暖预测的温度快速变化，是整个环境科学的关键问题。研究者先前的研究表明，温带地区对气候变暖的主要进化反应涉及季节性或光周期适应。热适应似乎是次要的，需要更长的时间（数千年）才能发展。在该项目中，研究人员提出了对投手植物蚊子适应近期快速温度变化在十年时间框架上的迅速变化的能力的巧妙而强大的测试。蚊子种群于1999年首次对其对实验控制的热环境的反应进行了测试。现在，PI将重新样本样本，并在相同的实验条件下饲养它们，以确定蚊子在过去十年中是否对温度升高进行了适应性响应。这项研究的结果将揭示出一些基本机制，使一些生物体能够适应气候变化，而其他生物则无法适应气候变化。生物可能会通过对光周期的季节性转移季节性活动来适应气候变化。有机体无法适应快速的热变化可能会迅速限制仅光周期调节允许的弹性。本科生将积极参加这项研究。此外，该项目将继续作为快速环境变化后果的“海报孩子”。迄今为止，在30多个国家和国际访谈，流行杂志文章，电视和广播广播以及公开演讲中都强调了结果。