Catalytic Hydrogels from Bifunctional Enzymatic Building Blocks

双功能酶构建块的催化水凝胶

• 批准号: 0907045
• 负责人: Scott Banta
• 金额: $ 7.54万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-15 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0907045&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Catalytic; Hydrogels; Bifunctional; Enzymatic; Building

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5) This award by the Biomaterials program in the Division of Materials Research to Columbia University is study the use of molecular engineering to create novel bifunctional enzymes that can self-assemble into hydrogels and support an intra-gel metabolic pathway that can oxidize methanol through two steps to formic acid. Rationally designed alpha-helical appendages will be genetically fused to the horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase homodimer enzyme and to the human liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase homotetramer enzyme. The effects of these mutations on the performance of the enzymes will be assessed, and then the enzymes will be combined to form mixed self-assembling hydrogels that will oxidize methanol to formic acid while concomitantly producing NADH from NAD+ a cofactor required for the reaction. This will be the first proof of principle of a self-assembling bioactive biomaterial that can support a simple intra-gel metabolic network. This material could be applied to an electrode and used as an anode in an enzymatic biofuel cell using methanol as a fuel source.Protein engineering has been used to improve globular proteins such as enzymes, and structural proteins such as the elastin-like peptides. This research project is designing and creating new proteins with both globular and structural domains to form bioactive biomaterials. Earlier studies by the researcher already modified proteins to self-assemble into enzymatic hydrogels, and in this proposal the investigators will create a new material that contains two active enzymes which can function together to form a simple metabolic pathway. The enzymes will be able to oxidize methanol first to formaldehyde and then the formaldehyde will be oxidized to formic acid. Each step will generate NADH which can be used in a power generating format such as an enzymatic biofuel cell. The creation of novel protein constructs with both useful enzymatic and materials properties is a new area in the field of protein engineering, and this approach will be very useful in the design and construction of new bioelectrocatalytic devices such as enzymatic biofuel cells and biosensors.

该奖项是根据2009年《美国恢复与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的生物材料计划在哥伦比亚大学材料研究部的该奖项的研究。 理性设计的α-螺旋附件将遗传融合到马肝醇脱氢酶同型二聚体酶和人肝线粒体醛醛脱氢酶同型酶酶酶中。 这些突变对酶的性能的影响将评估，然后将组合酶形成混合的自组装水凝胶，这些水凝胶将氧化甲醇以甲酸氧化为甲酸，而同时从NAD+ NAD+ A+辅助因子产生了反应所需的NADH。 这将是可以支持简单的凝胶内代谢网络的自组装生物材料的原理的第一个证明。 该材料可以应用于电极，并使用甲醇作为燃料源在酶生物燃料细胞中用作阳极。蛋白质工程已用于改善球状蛋白（例如酶）和诸如弹性蛋白样肽等结构蛋白。 该研究项目正在设计和创建具有球状和结构域的新蛋白质，以形成生物活性生物材料。 研究人员的早期研究已经修改了蛋白质以自组装成酶水凝胶，在此提案中，研究人员将创建一种新材料，其中包含两种活性酶，它们可以共同起作用以形成一个简单的代谢途径。 这些酶将能够首先氧化甲醇以甲醛，然后将甲醛氧化为甲酸。 每个步骤都会产生NADH，可以以诸如酶促生物燃料电池之类的动力生成格式使用。 具有有用的酶促和材料特性的新型蛋白质构建体是蛋白质工程领域的一个新区域，这种方法将在设计和构建新的生物催化设备（例如酶促生物燃料细胞和生物传感器）中非常有用。