CSEDI Collaborative Research: Neutrino Geophysics: collaboration between geology and particle physics

CSEDI 合作研究：中微子地球物理学：地质学和粒子物理学之间的合作

• 批准号: 0855712
• 负责人: Shijie Zhong
• 金额: $ 7.11万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2012-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0855712&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CSEDI; Collaborative; Research; Neutrino; Geophysics

The Earth's interior radiates approximately 46 terawatts (TW, 1012 J s-1) of heat (total combined production of nuclear power today is about 1 TW of energy). The Earth's thermal energy comes from the cooling of the planet, minor contributions from tidal friction and inner core growth, and significantly from the decay of radioactive elements. The exact proportional contribution of these heat supplies is unknown. Plate tectonics is the primary manifestation of heat transport within the Earth today. Large tectonic plates are produced at mid-ocean ridges and transported across the surface of the globe to deep ocean trenches, where they plunge into the Earth's interior sending cold slabs into the interior and cooling the planet. In order to better understand the dynamic processes that occur both within the solid Earth as well as on the planet's surface, we must develop a comprehensive model of Earth composition and structure that is internally consistent with observations from the fields of geology, geochemistry, geophysics and particle physics. The abundance and distribution of naturally-occurring radioactive elements is integral to the understanding of Earth dynamics, as radiogenic heat provides a key source of energy that serves to drive mantle convection, plate tectonics and the evolution of the entire planet. The primary objectives of the proposed research are to: (1) understand the nature and three-dimensional distribution of naturally-occurring radioactive elements in the Earth, particularly potassium, thorium and uranium, which produce 99% of all radiogenic heat in the Earth; (2) develop an internally consistent model of the Earth, including the thermal constitution and evolution of the planet; and, (3) build Earth models that can be tested against data from newly developed antineutrino detectors. (Antineutrinos are neutral nuclear particles produce during beta-decay of radioactive elements.) The proposed work plan involves dynamic modeling to determine the geometry, distribution and chemical composition of the Earth's major reservoirs, namely the continental crust, mantle and metallic core. Model results will be interpreted in conjunction with antineutrino data in order to develop a comprehensive, three-dimensional model of Earth composition and structure.

地球内部辐射出大约 46 太瓦（TW，1012 J s-1）的热量（当今核能的总联合生产量约为 1 TW 能量）。地球的热能来自地球的冷却，潮汐摩擦和内核生长的较小贡献，以及放射性元素衰变的显着贡献。这些热量供应的确切比例贡献尚不清楚。板块构造是当今地球内部热传输的主要表现形式。大型构造板块在洋中脊产生，并穿过地球表面到达深海海沟，在那里它们插入地球内部，将冷板送入内部并冷却地球。为了更好地了解固体地球内部以及地球表面发生的动态过程，我们必须开发一个全面的地球组成和结构模型，该模型与地质学、地球化学、地球物理学和地球物理学领域的观测结果内在一致。粒子物理学。天然放射性元素的丰度和分布对于理解地球动力学至关重要，因为放射热提供了驱动地幔对流、板块构造和整个地球演化的关键能源。拟议研究的主要目标是：（1）了解地球中自然产生的放射性元素的性质和三维分布，特别是钾、钍和铀，它们产生了地球上99%的放射性热； (2) 建立一个内部一致的地球模型，包括地球的热构成和演化； (3) 建立可以根据新开发的反中微子探测器的数据进行测试的地球模型。 （反中微子是放射性元素β衰变过程中产生的中性核粒子。）拟议的工作计划涉及动态建模，以确定地球主要储库（即大陆地壳、地幔和金属核心）的几何形状、分布和化学成分。模型结果将与反中微子数据结合起来进行解释，以开发地球成分和结构的综合三维模型。