Collaborative Research: The Pan-Arctic climate and ecosystem response to historical and projected changes in the seasonality of sea ice melt and growth

合作研究：泛北极气候和生态系统对海冰融化和生长季节性变化的历史和预测变化的响应

• 批准号: 0902045
• 负责人: Jefferson Moore
• 金额: $ 9.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0902045&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Pan; Arctic; climate

This award will support a quantitative assessment of the causes and effects of variations in the seasonal timing of sea ice melt onset and freeze initiation, through use of the observational record and earth system model projections of future climate. The study will synthesize existing datasets including results from ARCSS Synthesis of Arctic System Science (SASS) and Arctic Observing Network (AON) projects. This will be complemented by an analysis of control and sensitivity integrations from the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), which has improved polar processes and capabilities, including a more general and consistent sea ice albedo representation and an ecosystem/biogeochemistry component. Specifically, the study will (1) investigate interactions and feedbacks between seasonal changes in the sea ice and snow conditions, the amount of solar insolation, and the partitioning of this radiation, (2) assess the implications of these interactions for changes in ice-ocean-atmosphere heat, freshwater, and bio-available iron exchange and investigate their influence on ecosystem dynamics, biogeochemical cycling, and climate in the CCSM, and (3) evaluate and ultimately improve the capabilities of earth system models in light of these processes, specifically by improving the physics associated with surface albedo and light transmission parameterizations for ice covered seas. This study has many 'Broader Impacts' for a variety of audiences. The results will be used to assess the representation of the seasonal cycle of Arctic climate and the Arctic ecosystem in earth system models, and will aid in understanding the intricate balance of key trigger events in the Arctic atmosphere-sea ice-ocean-biogeochemical system. The model simulation output will be freely available and useful to studies using ecosystem models that include higher trophic levels, as well as to researchers designing and analyzing observational field programs. The pan-Arctic focus of the study will provide context for measurements and studies undertaken at specific geographic locations. Through mentoring programs at NCAR and CRREL, two undergraduate students will work on the project. Results from this work will be introduced to the classroom through visits to local elementary schools, and inclusion in curricula at Dartmouth College, University of California Irvine and University of Washington. Museum presentations at the Pacific Science Center (Seattle), the Burke Museum (Seattle) and the Montshire Museum (Vermont) will reach wider audiences outside of the traditional classroom.

该奖项将通过使用观察性记录和地球系统模型的未来气候预测，来支持海冰融化和冻结季节性融化和冻结开始中变化的原因和影响的定量评估。该研究将综合现有数据集，包括北极系统科学（SASS）和北极观测网络（AON）项目的弧的结果。这将通过对社区气候系统模型4版（CCSM4）的控制和敏感性整合的分析来补充，该模型已改善了极性过程和功能，包括更一般和一致的海冰反照率表示以及生态系统/生物地球化学组件。具体而言，该研究将（1）研究海冰和雪状况的季节变化，太阳节日的量以及这种辐射的分配之间的互动和反馈，（2）评估这些相互作用对冰山 - 大气的变化的含义（3）根据这些过程来评估并最终提高地球系统模型的功能，特别是通过改善与表面反照率和冰覆盖海洋的光传输参数相关的物理学。这项研究对各种受众产生了许多“更广泛的影响”。结果将用于评估地球系统模型中北极气候和北极生态系统的季节性周期的表示，并将有助于理解北极大气 - 海上冰山冰山生物地球化学系统中关键触发事件的复杂平衡。模型模拟输出将免费获得，可用于使用包括更高营养水平的生态系统模型以及研究人员设计和分析观测场计划的研究。该研究的泛极重点将为在特定地理位置进行的测量和研究提供背景。通过在NCAR和CRREL的指导计划，两名本科生将在该项目中工作。这项工作的结果将通过访问当地小学介绍给教室，并在加利福尼亚大学欧文分校和华盛顿大学的达特茅斯学院的课程中纳入课程。太平洋科学中心（西雅图），伯克博物馆（西雅图）和蒙特郡博物馆（佛蒙特州）的博物馆演讲将吸引传统教室以外的更多观众。