Fundamental Studies on Catalyst Deactivation and Corrosion Phenomena under Biomass Feed and the Interaction with Polar Biomass-Derived Molecules

生物质供给下催化剂失活和腐蚀现象及其与极性生物质衍生分子相互作用的基础研究

• 批准号: 191791150
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jan Philipp Hofmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/191791150?language=en
• 关键词: Fundamental; Studies; Catalyst; Deactivation; Corrosion

The conversion and valorization of biomass and biomass-derived raw materials is of major importance for the future sustainable supply of energy and basic chemicals, especially with regard to the continuously shrinking crude oil, natural gas and coal resources. In contrast to petrochemical reactions, catalytic conversion of biomass often proceeds in the liquid phase, due to the polarity of these molecules. The interaction of polar molecules with heterogeneous catalyst surfaces in the liquid phase will be studied in order to gain more insight into the molecular processes that lead to catalyst corrosion and deactivation. Important deactivation pathways are leaching of the active phase and the support, particle sintering, poisoning by strong adsorbing reaction intermediates and products as well as the formation of coke and oligomeric species. These processes will be investigated on well-defined model catalysts, i.e. flat substrates with supported catalyst particles, which allow for advanced characterization by microscopic, optical and electronic spectroscopy methods, preferentially under in-situ or operando conditions. As reaction systems the conversions of glycerol, glucose, succinic and maleic acid as well as cellulose will be used as typical model systems, containing the prototype functional groups (i.e., ROH, HRC=O, R2C=O and RCOOH) for biomass related conversions.The molecular level understanding will be later transferred to industrially relevant reaction conditions applying supported catalyst particles in high pressure/high temperature reactors with operando spectroscopic analysis of the working catalysts. Based on the gained knowledge, new concepts for the stabilization of the applied catalysts will be developed.

生物质及生物质衍生原料的转化和增值对于未来能源和基础化学品的可持续供应具有重要意义，特别是在原油、天然气和煤炭资源不断萎缩的情况下。与石化反应相反，由于这些分子的极性，生物质的催化转化通常在液相中进行。将研究极性分子与液相中非均相催化剂表面的相互作用，以便更深入地了解导致催化剂腐蚀和失活的分子过程。重要的失活途径是活性相和载体的浸出、颗粒烧结、强吸附反应中间体和产物的中毒以及焦炭和低聚物的形成。这些过程将在明确的模型催化剂上进行研究，即带有负载催化剂颗粒的平坦基材，这允许通过显微、光学和电子光谱方法进行高级表征，优先在原位或操作条件下进行。作为反应系统，甘油、葡萄糖、琥珀酸和马来酸以及纤维素的转化将被用作典型的模型系统，其中包含用于生物质相关转化的原型官能团（即ROH、HRC=O、R2C=O和RCOOH）分子水平的理解随后将转移到工业相关的反应条件，在高压/高温反应器中应用负载催化剂颗粒，并对工作催化剂进行操作光谱分析。基于所获得的知识，将开发稳定所用催化剂的新概念。