From Collective Site of Memory into National Institution. Jews, Poles, and the Polish Armed Forces, 1918 to 1939

从集体记忆场所到国家机构。

• 批准号: 188729285
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Dan Diner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: The Faculty of Humanities
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/188729285?language=en
• 关键词: Collective; Site; Memory; into; National

The integral part of the consolidation of the so-called Second Polish Republic after the First World War was the creation of the national military forces. Influenced by military conflicts on almost all borders of the Polish Republic, the Polish Army was transformed into a national institution deeply rooted in the Polish collective memory of the 19th century. The fundamental importance of the military sphere as an element of the Polish collective memory in 19th century raises the question how far these traditional elements were recovered and incorporated into the new Polish Army and the independent Polish state after 1918. There are two parallel levels of research. The first objective of the study is to show how, in a new political and social reality of the Polish Republic, dominant national collective memory narratives originating from the 19th century traditions were implemented into the building of the Polish army. It is also crucial to investigate the importance of the founding of the Polish military forces for the state and society and their influence on the nation building processes. At the parallel level, the correlation and interdependence between the military and Jewish population of Poland is analyzed. The particular emphasis is put on the recognition of Jewish military and patriotic achievements, and, consequently, placing and integrating them in the polish military tradition. The conflict between integration willingness of a part of the Jewish population and Polish defensive demeanour was clearly visible in the treatment of Jews in the Polish army. On one hand, it was possible that Jews fought e.g. in the Polish Legions and were accepted and appreciated as commendable patriots, on the other hand, there were incidents casting a shadow over the Polish-Jewish relations. The detention of several thousands of Jewish recruits and volunteers in Jablonna during the Polish-Soviet War in 1920 distinctly depicts how complicated the relations between Poles and Jews were. The research project represents an attempt at analysing the Jewish-Polish relations of the inter-war time from the military historical point of view. The conversion of the 19th century legacy of the cultural memory into the national state institution of the Polish Army standing for and symbolizing a significant nation building function is of the highest priority here. The research activities constitute a socio-cultural historical study providing a substantial contribution to the understanding of the Polish contemporary history which was influenced by the presence of the military forces.

第一次世界大战后，所谓的第二波兰共和国合并的组成部分是创造了国家军事力量。受到波兰共和国几乎所有边界的军事冲突的影响，波兰军队被转变为一个扎根于19世纪波兰集体记忆的国家机构。军事领域作为19世纪波兰集体记忆的一部分的基本重要性提出了一个问题，这些传统要素被回收了多远，并将其纳入了1918年之后的新波兰军队和独立的波兰国家。有两个平行的研究水平。该研究的第一个目标是展示在波兰共和国的新政治和社会现实中，源自19世纪传统的主要国家集体记忆叙事是如何实施到波兰军队的。研究波兰军队对国家和社会的建立的重要性及其对国家建设过程的影响也至关重要。在平行层面上，分析了波兰军事与犹太人人口之间的相关性和相互依存关系。特别强调的是对犹太军事和爱国成就的认可，因此将它们置于波兰军事传统中。在波兰军队中犹太人的待遇中，一部分犹太人人口的融合意愿与波兰防御性举止之间的冲突显然是可能的。一方面，犹太人有可能战斗，例如另一方面，在波兰军团中，被接受和赞赏是值得称赞的爱国者队，有事件对波兰犹太人的关系造成了阴影。 1920年波兰苏联战争期间，在杰布纳纳（Jablonna）拘留了数千名犹太新兵和志愿者，这清楚地描绘了波兰人与犹太人之间的关系多么复杂。该研究项目代表了从军事历史的角度分析战争时间的犹太人关系的尝试。 19世纪文化记忆的遗产转变为支持波兰军队的国家国家机构，并象征着重要的国家建设功能，这是这里的最高优先事项。研究活动构成了一项社会文化历史研究，为对波兰当代历史的理解做出了重大贡献，这受军事力量的影响。