Historical Climate Change and Prediction of Endemism in the Central Corridor of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

巴西大西洋雨林中央走廊的历史气候变化和特有现象预测

• 批准号: 0817035
• 负责人: Craig Moritz
• 金额: $ 58.6万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0817035&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Historical; Climate; Change; Prediction; Endemism

Areas of especially high or unique species and genetic diversity, referred to as ?biodiversity hotspots?, are of particular concern for conservation, but are not sufficiently well-known for effective conservation planning. This project will both advance the field of phylogeography and contribute to conservation planning, through development and testing of a novel integrative procedure for predicting species and genetic diversity. Specifically, the research will combine remote sensing, geographic information technology, environmental niche modeling, molecular genetics, and field and museum information to generate models of past distributions of habitats and species and will test the ability of these models to predict contemporary patterns of biodiversity, including locations of biodiversity hot-spots. The research will examine the amphibians and reptiles of the central corridor of the Brazilian Atlantic forest to test the hypothesis that this area functioned as a major refuge for forest species during extreme climates of the late Quaternary, thereby producing areas of unique local diversity and high overall regional diversity. The work entails faunal surveys at 12 forest sites and detailed genetic analyses of 9 species. This research will generate novel information about molecular and taxonomic diversity. The Brazilian Atlantic forest region has high rates of deforestation and a poorly described fauna, so the results not only will test a new method for predicting sites of uniquely valuable species and genetic diversity, but also will inform regional conservation planning. The project extends scientific linkages with Brazilian universities through cross-country training of students and postdocs, enhancement of biotic collections in Brazil and the US, and collaborative field, lab, and analytical work. In-country workshops will engage local conservation NGOs to maximize impact on regional conservation planning efforts, while broader public outreach is achieved through a project-specific website. The project is co-funded by Division of Environmental Biology and Office of International Science and Engineering.

特别高或独特的物种和遗传多样性的区域被称为“生物多样性热点？”特别关注保护，但在有效的保护计划中不足以闻名。该项目既将推进植物地理学领域，又通过开发和测试预测物种和遗传多样性的新型综合程序来为保护计划做出贡献。具体而言，这项研究将结合遥感，地理信息技术，环境细分市场建模，分子遗传学以及田间和博物馆信息，以生成栖息地和物种过去分布的模型，并将测试这些模型预测生物多样性的当代模式，包括生物差异点的位置。该研究将研究巴西大西洋森林中央走廊的两栖动物和爬行动物，以检验以下假设：该地区在晚期季季晚期的极端气候中充当森林物种的主要避难所，从而产生了独特的局部多样性和较高的整体区域多样性。这项工作需要在12个森林地点进行动物调查以及9种的详细遗传分析。这项研究将产生有关分子和分类学多样性的新信息。巴西大西洋森林地区具有较高的森林砍伐率，并且描述的动物区系较差，因此结果不仅可以测试一种预测独特有价值物种和遗传多样性的新方法，而且还将为区域保护计划提供信息。 该项目通过对学生和博士后的跨国培训，增强巴西和美国的生物收藏品以及协作领域，实验室和分析工作来扩展与巴西大学的科学联系。国内研讨会将与当地的保护非政府组织接触，以最大程度地影响区域保护计划工作，而通过特定于项目的网站实现了更广泛的公共宣传。 该项目由环境生物学系和国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。