New Organometallic Radical-Cation Based Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Reactions and Materials

新型有机金属自由基-阳离子基均相和多相反应及材料

• 批准号: 0808909
• 负责人: William Geiger
• 金额: $ 52.45万
• 依托单位: University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0808909&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Organometallic; Radical; Cation; Based

Abstract of NSF 0808909: University of Vermont, William Geiger (PI), supported by the Analytical and Surface Science Program of the National Science FoundationIntellectual Summary: Electrochemistry is one of the most versatile tools available to the practicing chemist. Two of the most important areas of applications are in analysis and catalysis. The first of these deals with the identification and quantification of molecules and is critically important to a wide range of needs addressing environmental, biological, and medical problems. The proposed work seeks to develop a new family of analytical 'sensors' based on the idea of labeling the analytical target with a 'marker' that can be turned on and off by the equivalent of an electrical switch. The new marker is derived from an easily prepared manganese complex which can be reversibly switched in an electrolyte medium previously developed at the University of Vermont (UVM). The other major area of inquiry is intended to develop lower-energy and greener ways to utilize simple olefins, which are oil-based organic building blocks, in the preparation of desirable organic compounds that will be of general use to synthetic chemists. A highly efficient electrochemical method will be developed and evaluated with the goal of replacing energy-wasting thermal and photochemical methods by an organometallic rhenium complex which is capable of electro-catalyzing the desired reactions. Broader Impact: In terms of the research results, a successful outcome to the proposed work is expected to broaden the impact of organometallic electrochemistry as a problem-solving method among chemists and biochemists. It is also important for chemists to ask how their efforts might contribute to the daunting task of increasing the efficiency of energy usage in this country and in our world. There are only four important general energy sources at our disposal: nuclear, heat, light, and electricity. Our goal has been, and continues to be, the training of electrochemists to develop advances in the last of these four areas. Graduate students trained in electrochemistry at UVM are employed in a variety of academic, industrial, and government research positions. Because it is important to expand these opportunities to underrepresented groups, this project will offer summer training projects to financially disadvantaged high school students through Project Seed (overseen by the American Chemical Society) and initiate a pilot project which offers a summer research opportunity at UVM to underrepresented undergraduate students from a city-based college having a large minority enrollment. Thanks to their experience in a research group composed of highly-motivated graduate students and postdocs, the high school and visiting undergraduate students will be more aware of their opportunities in pre- and post-graduate higher education, thereby increasing the probability that they will become scientific professionals.

NSF摘要0808909：William Geiger大学（PI），在国家科学基金会的分析和表面科学计划的支持下：电化学是实践化学家可用的最通用工具之一。应用中最重要的两个领域是分析和催化。其中的第一个涉及分子的识别和量化，对于解决环境，生物学和医学问题的各种需求至关重要。拟议的工作旨在基于用“标记”标记分析目标的想法来开发一个新的分析“传感器”系列，该靶标可以通过相当于电气开关来打开和关闭。新标记源自易于制备的锰配合物，该材料可以在佛蒙特大学（UVM）开发的电解质培养基中可逆地切换。询问的另一个主要领域旨在开发低能量和绿色的方法来利用简单的烯烃，这些烯烃是油基有机构建块，以制备所需的有机化合物，这些化合物将普遍用于合成化学家。将开发和评估一种高效的电化学方法，目的是通过有机金属rhenium络合物替换浪费浪费的热和光化学方法，该方法能够电催化所需的反应。更广泛的影响：就研究结果而言，预计拟议工作的成功结果将扩大有机金属电化学作为化学家和生物化学家中问题解决方法的影响。对于化学家来说，询问他们的努力如何有助于提高这个国家和我们世界的能源使用效率的艰巨任务，这也很重要。我们只有四个重要的一般能源：核，热，光和电力。我们的目标一直是并且继续是对电化学家的培训，以在这四个领域的最后一个方面发展进步。在UVM进行电化学培训的研究生受雇于各种学术，工业和政府研究职位。因为重要的是要将这些机会扩展到代表性不足的群体，所以该项目将通过项目种子（由美国化学学会的监督）为经济不利的高中生提供夏季培训项目，并启动一个试点项目，该项目在UVM提供了夏季研究机会，以提供少数少数少数人入学的城市学院的代表性不足的本科生。 由于他们在由高度动机的研究生和博士后组成的研究小组中的经验，高中和来访的本科生将更加了解他们在学前和研究生的高等教育中的机会，从而增加了他们成为科学专业人员的可能性。