Collaborative Research: Eclipse Observations of Heavy Ions, Neutrals and Dust Grains in the Solar Corona

合作研究：日冕中重离子、中性粒子和尘埃颗粒的日食观测

• 批准号: 0802291
• 负责人: Martina Arndt
• 金额: $ 3.6万
• 依托单位: BRIDGEWATER STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0802291&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Eclipse; Observations; Heavy

The Principal Investigator (PI) and her collaborators will take multi-spectral observations during several upcoming solar eclipses in order to map the ion abundance, electron temperature, and direction of the coronal magnetic field in the inner corona. The team plans to study the distribution of neutral hydrogen and helium in the solar corona, as well as to investigate the properties of dust grains in the near-Sun environment. Data will be obtained in the spectral lines of ionized iron, sulfur, and silicon, as well as in neutral helium and hydrogen. Coupled with laboratory experiments, these observations will enable detection of fluorescence signatures of interplanetary dust grains present in the solar corona.This project will exploit the complementary diagnostic techniques of resonant scattering and polarization to follow the evolution of ions and neutrals in the solar corona. Heavy ions and traces of lighter neutral atoms (such as hydrogen and helium) in the inner corona serve as local probes of the physical processes that heat the solar atmosphere to over one million degrees and accelerate the solar wind. While ions are tied to coronal magnetic fields, neutrals reflect the fate of cooler material from solar as well as interstellar origin. As ions and neutrals expand away from the Sun, they interact and evolve under the influence of the local magnetic field, the local electron temperature, and through collisions. This research will enhance our understanding of these phenomena.In previous eclipse expeditions, members of the research team have been successful in raising public awareness of scientific research in general and of solar physics in particular. Their prior efforts have proved to be engaging for the imagination and intellect of younger students specifically. The research team represents a fruitful collaboration involving small and large universities led by a senior female scientist. The eclipse expeditions will involve graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and a K-12 teacher, with an emphasis on education.

首席研究员（PI）和她的合作者将在几个即将到来的太阳日食中进行多光谱观测，以绘制内表演中的离子丰度，电子温度和冠状磁场的方向。该小组计划研究太阳能电晕中中性氢和氦的分布，并研究在近阳性环境中粉尘粒的性质。 数据将在电离铁，硫和硅的光谱线以及中性氦和氢中获得。结合实验室实验，这些观察结果将有助于检测太阳能电晕中存在的星际粉尘颗粒的荧光特征。该项目将利用谐振散射和极化的互补诊断技术，以遵循Solar Corona中离子和中性的进化。内色的重离子和较轻的中性原子（例如氢和氦）的痕迹是将太阳大气加热至超过一百万度的物理过程的局部探针，并加速了太阳风。尽管离子与冠状磁场绑定，但中性色反映了来自太阳能和星际起源的冷却材料的命运。随着离子和中性的膨胀，它们会在局部磁场，局部电子温度和碰撞的影响下相互作用和进化。这项研究将增强我们对这些现象的理解。在以前的Eclipse探险中，研究团队的成员成功地提高了公众对一般科学研究的认识，尤其是太阳能物理学。事实证明，他们先前的努力是为了使年轻学生的想象力和智力所吸引。研究小组代表了一项富有成果的合作，其中涉及由高级女科学家领导的小型和大型大学。 Eclipse探险将涉及研究生，博士后研究员和K-12老师，重点是教育。