MOD: Models of International Research Collaboration

MOD：国际研究合作模式

• 批准号: 0738184
• 负责人: Susan Cozzens
• 金额: $ 39.93万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0738184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MOD; Models; International; Research; Collaboration

As world research capacity expands rapidly, the United States science and engineering enterprise finds itself in a new position. Decades of U.S. dominance in science and engineering research helped create U.S. leadership in emerging industries such as information and biotechnology. But U.S. science and engineering research are likely in coming decades to take their place among many strong players on a global scene. Europe, Japan and Korea are already international powers in research and development, and China, India, Brazil, and South Africa are rapidly expanding their capabilities. Under these circumstances, the capacity to monitor the world research front and absorb research knowledge from other countries is more important than ever for the United States. Innovation in the U.S. will thrive best in an open information environment in which our ties to the rest of world research and development are strong. Many factors will contribute to the absorptive capacity of U.S. research. International collaboration is certainly one. This project explores the benefits of international collaboration for U.S. researchers and their collaborators. Several models for international collaboration exist, including informal versus formal and small versus big science. In order to take a close look at the benefits of collaboration under these models, this study focuses on two fields, bio-fuels and materials science. To compare informal with formal models, an examination is done of each area before and after a formal policy intervention in 2007 that encourages international collaboration (in bio-fuels the U.S.-Brazil ethanol agreement and in materials science the start of the user program at the Spallation Neutron Source). In addition, these examples allow examination of both a small science area and a big science project in the periods before and after a formal collaboration program starts. The research plan draws on literature- and funding-based data, interviews and a survey. The research contributes to the literature on international research collaboration through its rich mix of methods and its empirical focus on results of the collaborations. It also contributes with comparative design. The interview data compares participants in the interventions with other international collaborators in the same research areas and the secondary and survey data provides comparative information on general patterns of collaboration in those research areas, both before and during the intervention. Through before-after, participant-non-participant, North-South, and U.S.-partner comparisons, sources, benefits, costs, and barriers of a variety of dimensions of international research collaboration are identified. Questions such as whether benefits are mutual, whether the inclusion of junior researchers brings cumulative benefits over time, and whether the two types of programs under investigation have different effects are also explored. The project will contribute to teaching, training, and learning by involving graduate and undergraduate students at Georgia Tech in every stage of the research, giving them hands-on training in three different methods. The student team will be diverse in terms of both gender and ethnicity, and both senior investigators are women. The project strengthens science and innovation policy networks between Georgia Tech and Colombia by following through on dissertation research of a team member. The results will be disseminated broadly with both scholarly and policy audiences, and will contribute to moving global innovation forward more quickly by providing information on models of effective collaboration.

随着世界研究能力的迅速扩展，美国科学和工程企业处于新职位。美国在科学和工程研究领域的统治地位数十年有助于在信息和生物技术等新兴行业中建立领导地位。但是，在未来几十年中，美国的科学和工程研究可能会在全球范围内占据许多强大球员。欧洲，日本和韩国已经是研发的国际大国，中国，印度，巴西和南非正在迅速扩大其能力。在这种情况下，监测世界研究方面并吸收其他国家的研究知识的能力比以往任何时候都重要。在美国的创新将在开放的信息环境中蓬勃发展，在开放的信息环境中，我们与世界其他研究和发展的纽带都很牢固。许多因素将有助于美国研究的吸收能力。国际合作当然是一种。该项目探讨了国际合作对美国研究人员及其合作者的好处。存在几种国际合作模型，包括非正式与正式和小科学与大科学。为了仔细研究这些模型下的协作的好处，本研究的重点是两个领域，生物燃料和材料科学。为了将非正式与正式模型进行比较，在2007年正式的政策干预之前和之后，都对每个领域进行了检查，以鼓励国际合作（在Bio-Fuels中，美国 - 巴西乙醇协议和材料科学中的材料科学开始了用户计划的开始，该计划的启动中子源是中子源的开始）。此外，这些示例还允许在正式合作计划开始之前和之后的时期检查小型科学领域和一个大型科学项目。该研究计划借鉴了基于文献和资金的数据，访谈和调查。该研究通过其丰富的方法组合以及对合作结果的经验重点介绍了国际研究合作的文献。它还贡献了比较设计。访谈数据将干预措施中的参与者与同一研究领域的其他国际合作者进行了比较，二级和调查数据提供了有关在干预之前和期间这些研究领域中协作的一般模式的比较信息。通过之前，确定了参与者 - 非参与者，南北和美国合作伙伴的比较，来源，收益，成本和障碍，以及各种国际研究合作的层面。 诸如福利是否是相互的问题，包括初级研究人员是否会随着时间的流逝带来累积收益，以及正在调查的两种类型的计划是否具有不同的影响。该项目将在研究的每个阶段与佐治亚理工学院的毕业生和本科生有关，从而有助于教学，培训和学习，从而为他们提供三种不同方法的动手培训。学生团队在性别和种族方面都会多样化，两个高级调查员都是女性。该项目通过跟随团队成员的论文研究来增强佐治亚理工学院和哥伦比亚之间的科学和创新政策网络。结果将与学术和政策受众大致传播，并通过提供有关有效协作模型的信息来更快地推动全球创新。