Collaborative Research: Dissolved Organic Matter Degradation in Filtering Shelf Sands

合作研究：过滤陆架砂中溶解有机物的降解

• 批准号: 0726754
• 负责人: Markus Huettel
• 金额: $ 59.96万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0726754&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Dissolved; Organic; Matter

Knowledge of the sizes and turnover times of discrete pools of carbon is essential for accurate accounting and modeling of global ocean carbon dynamics. Production or sink terms of the oceanic pool of dissolved organic carbon (DOM), one of the largest exchangeable carbon reservoirs on earth, can strongly impact the balance between oceanic and atmospheric CO2 or change the storage of carbon in marine deposits. The continental shelf acts as sink for large quantities of DOM that reach the sea through rivers and runoff from land. Although a large fraction of the terrigenous DOM is refractory, it does not accumulate in the shelf and oceans, a process that is not well understood but is critical for the global cycles of carbon. In this research, PIs from Florida State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill hypothesize that DOM laden coastal water is pumped through the surface layers of permeable shelf sediments by bottom currents and waves, forcing DOM through a biocatalytical converter with large reactive surface area and different biogeochemical reaction zones. Their prior NSF funded investigations showed an average 200-fold increase in enzymatic hydrolysis rates between sediments and water column. The specific objectives of the proposed research are 1) quantification of DOM degradation in filtering Gulf of Mexico sands and overlying water 2) assessment of the influences of pore flow velocity, temperature, oxygen concentration and light on DOM decomposition rates, 3) FT-ICR-MS characterization of DOM compositional changes caused by sediment passage and 4) quantification of the abundance of metabolically active prokaryotes and establishment of a direct linkage between DOM metabolism and the phylogenetic composition of microbial communities, 5) integration of the results into an empirical model that quantitatively relates DOM degradation rates to pore water velocity, temperature, oxygen and light. The broader impacts include development of a project web site, public lectures, news releases to the public media and information materials distributed to visitors of the FSU marine lab located at the study site. Human resource development will be enhanced through active participation of undergraduate students in field and laboratory research, and four graduate students will develop their theses based on aspects of this research. The project will enhance international visibility and collaboration through active participation of researchers from Germany, the Netherlands, and Panama.

对碳离散池的大小和周转时间的了解对于全球海洋碳动态的准确会计和建模至关重要。溶解有机碳（DOM）的海洋池的生产或下沉条款是地球上最大的可交换碳储层之一，可以强烈影响海洋和大气二氧化碳之间的平衡，或者改变碳沉积物中碳的存储。大陆架充当大量DOM的下沉，这些DOM通过河流和陆地径流到达大海。尽管大量的陆源DOM是难治性的，但它并不积聚在架子和海洋中，这一过程对全球碳循环至关重要。在这项研究中，来自佛罗里达州立大学和北卡罗来纳大学教堂山的PIS假设Dom Laden沿海水通过底部电流和波浪通过可渗透的架子沉积物的地面层泵送，迫使DOM通过大型反应性表面积和不同的生物地球化学反应Zone的生物催化转化器。他们先前的NSF资助研究表明，沉积物和水柱之间的酶水解速率平均增加了200倍。拟议的研究的具体目标是1）量化墨西哥沙湾的DOM降解和上覆盖水的量化2）评估孔流速，温度，温度，氧气浓度和对DOM分解速率的影响，3）ft-ICR-MS的量化量和4）量的量化和4）量的量化量和4）量的量化量的量化，并量化了4）量的量化量和4）。 DOM代谢与微生物群落的系统发育组成之间的直接联系，5）将结果整合到经验模型中，该模型将DOM降解速率定量地与孔隙水速度，温度，氧气和光线相关联。更广泛的影响包括开发项目网站，公开讲座，向公共媒体发行的新闻以及分发给研究地点的FSU Marine Lab访问者的信息材料。通过在本科生中积极参与现场和实验室研究，将增强人力资源的开发，四个研究生将根据这项研究的各个方面发展其论文。该项目将通过来自德国，荷兰和巴拿马的研究人员的积极参与来增强国际知名度和协作。