Collaborative research: Biocatalytical Filtration and Carbon Cycling in Permeable Shelf Sediments

合作研究：可渗透陆架沉积物中的生物催化过滤和碳循环

• 批准号: 0424967
• 负责人: Markus Huettel
• 金额: $ 39.94万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0424967&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Biocatalytical; Filtration; Carbon

ABSTRACTOCE-0424967Permeable sands cover approximately 70% of the continental shelves but it is not fully known how organic matter that settles to the shelf sediment is processed in permeable sands. In general, diagenetic processes are poorly understood in sands largely because standard approaches developed for fine-grained sediments fail to accurately mimic in situ conditions in sands. However, due to rapid porewater transport, the dynamics of uptake, metabolism, and release of organic matter in permeable sediments are fundamentally different from those in fine-grained, relatively impermeable, marine sediments. Recent in-situ measurements using innovative techniques suggest that shelf sands act as a large biocatalytic filter that efficiently removes and rapidly degrades dissolved/particulate organic matter from the water column, implying that shelf sands play a central role in the cycling of organic matter. Researchers from Florida State University, along with colleagues from University of Virginia and University of North Carolina, will generate a comprehensive dataset quantifying advective solute and particle fluxes, and mineralization rates in permeable shelf sediment subjected to current-induced pore water exchange. The data will be integrated by a model of coupled transport and reaction in permeable shelf sands, permitting improvement over existing diagenetic shelf sediment models, and generating a tool with predictive ability for managers and policy makers. These results will foster understanding of the continental shelf which is the most productive, economically most important, and at the same time the most threatened oceanic environment. On the local level, project results will be directly applicable to management and conservation efforts in the Apalachicola Bay region of Florida, which is the designated study area. On an international scale, the project will start a new research network in the area of permeable shelf sediments that will be linked to an existing program for the European Union.

ABSTRACTOCE-0424967渗透性沙子覆盖了大约 70% 的大陆架，但尚不完全清楚沉降到陆架沉积物上的有机物是如何在渗透性沙子中进行处理的。一般来说，人们对沙子中的成岩过程知之甚少，很大程度上是因为针对细粒沉积物开发的标准方法无法准确模拟沙子中的原位条件。然而，由于快速的孔隙水传输，渗透性沉积物中有机物的吸收、代谢和释放动力学与细粒、相对不渗透的海洋沉积物有着根本的不同。 最近使用创新技术进行的现场测量表明，陆架砂充当了大型生物催化过滤器，可以有效去除并快速降解水柱中的溶解/颗粒有机物，这意味着陆架砂在有机物循环中发挥着核心作用。 佛罗里达州立大学的研究人员与弗吉尼亚大学和北卡罗来纳大学的同事将生成一个全面的数据集，量化平流溶质和颗粒通量，以及受电流引起的孔隙水交换的可渗透陆架沉积物的矿化率。这些数据将通过可渗透陆架砂中的耦合传输和反应模型进行整合，从而改进现有的成岩陆架沉积物模型，并为管理者和政策制定者生成具有预测能力的工具。这些结果将促进人们对大陆架的了解，大陆架是生产力最高、经济最重要、同时也是受威胁最严重的海洋环境。在地方层面，项目结果将直接应用于指定研究区域佛罗里达州阿巴拉契科拉湾地区的管理和保护工作。在国际范围内，该项目将在可渗透的陆架沉积物领域启动一个新的研究网络，该网络将与欧盟的现有计划相联系。