MRI: Acquisition of Geophysics Survey Instruments for Archaeological Geophysics Research and Training

MRI：采购地球物理测量仪器用于考古地球物理研究和培训

• 批准号: 0722572
• 负责人: Michael Rogers
• 金额: $ 18.81万
• 依托单位: Ithaca College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-15 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0722572&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; Geophysics; Survey; Instruments

This award provides funds to permit Ithaca College to acquire a suite of ground-based remote sensing (GBRS) instruments, soil sampling tools, and analysis software. GBRS instruments (ground-penetrating radar, resistivity, magnetometry, magnetic susceptibility, and conductivity) record the geophysical properties of the soils and subsurface objects. Each of these non-invasive methods record different physical parameters and each method's effectiveness depends upon the properties of the materials being studied. The goal of using these methods is to obtain a view into the subsurface prior to or without conducting archaeological excavation, and the use of multiple instruments can enhance one's view into the subsurface. GBRS surveys record information about geophysical parameters, but more importantly these surveys are recording the geophysical signals related to human interaction with the landscape by identifying subsurface house locations, activity areas, drainage systems, burials, and trash piles.Ithaca College anthropology and physics departments and Cornell University anthropology and landscape architecture departments are collaborating to better understand Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) settlement patterns and improving the effectiveness of archaeological geophysical techniques. The Finger Lakes region of New York State provides a rich environment for answering anthropological questions about the Haudenosaunee. Although site locations are well documented very little is known about settlement patterns and transitions in settlement patterns before and during interaction with European settlers. The 1779 Sullivan Campaign that destroyed Cayuga and Seneca villages along both sides of Cayuga Lake dispersed members of these Nations making it difficult to reconstruct settlement patterns, social networks, and economic networks. To gain an understanding of community patterning one must look at sites across the entire region making the use of GBRS techniques especially critical due to covering much larger areas in shorter times than traditional archaeological methods while still retaining high-resolution sampling. Acquisition of instruments supported by this award will also allow for the creation of an Ithaca College Methods in Applied Geophysics summer field school and weekend-long professional workshops. Ithaca College is centrally located among a large number of institutions of higher education (Binghamton University, Colgate University, Cornell University, Hobart & William Smith Colleges, SUNY @ Cortland, SUNY @ Geneseo, SUNY @ Oswego, Syracuse University, Rochester Institute of Technology, University of Rochester, and Wells College), and in a region of rich historic and archaeological interest, but there is no regional GBRS field school. There is little experience with archaeological geophysical methods in the region, including sites under the control of the National Forest Service, National Park Service, and State Parks. Some other regions of the United States and European investigators are currently well ahead of their colleagues in the northeastern United States in use of remote sensing and related tools. The summer field school and weekend workshops made possible by the acquisition of the instruments supported by this award will educate current cultural resource management professionals and the next generation of archaeologists on how to successfully use the most modern instruments for non-invasively imaging beneath the soils.

该奖项提供了允许伊萨卡学院获得一套地面遥感（GBRS）仪器，土壤抽样工具和分析软件的资金。 GBRS仪器（地面渗透雷达，电阻率，磁力测定法，磁化率和电导率）记录了土壤和地下物体的地球物理特性。这些非侵入性方法中的每一个都记录了不同的物理参数，每种方法的有效性都取决于所研究材料的特性。使用这些方法的目的是在或不进行考古发掘之前获得地下的视图，并且使用多种仪器可以增强一个人的视图。 GBRS调查有关地球物理参数的记录信息，但更重要的是，这些调查通过识别地下房屋位置，活动领域，排水系统，埋葬和垃圾堆积来记录与人类与景观相关的地球物理信号。 （易洛魁族）定居模式并提高考古地球物理技术的有效性。纽约州的手指湖区为回答有关Haudenosaunee的人类学问题提供了丰富的环境。尽管现场位置有充分的文献记载，但对于与欧洲定居者互动之前和期间的定居模式和过渡方式知之甚少。 1779年的沙利文运动摧毁了卡尤加湖（Cayuga Lake）两侧的卡尤加（Cayuga）和塞内卡（Seneca）村庄，使这些国家的成员驱散了这些国家的成员，因此很难重建定居模式，社交网络和经济网络。要了解社区模式，必须研究整个地区的地点，从而使用GBRS技术，特别是由于较短的时间比传统考古方法覆盖更大的区域，同时仍保留高分辨率抽样。获得该奖项支持的仪器的获取还将允许在应用地球物理学夏季学校和周末的专业研讨会上创建ITHACA学院方法。伊萨卡学院（Ithaca College）位于众多高等教育机构（宾汉顿大学，高露山大大学，康奈尔大学，霍巴特大学，霍巴特大学，霍巴特和威廉·史密斯学院，纽约州立大学 学校。该地区的考古地球物理方法几乎没有经验，包括在国家森林服务局，国家公园管理局和州公园的控制下的地点。美国和欧洲调查员的其他一些地区目前在美国东北部的同事使用遥感和相关工具领先。夏季野外学校和周末的讲习班通过获得该奖项支持的工具而成为可能，将教育当前的文化资源管理专业人员和下一代考古学家如何成功地使用最现代的仪器来在土壤下进行非侵入性成像。