Collaborative Research: Open-source physics tutorial worksheets with faculty/TA development and implementation resources

协作研究：开源物理教程工作表以及教师/助教开发和实施资源

• 批准号: 0715567
• 负责人: Rachel Scherr
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0715567&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Open; source; physics

Research-based tutorials - worksheets of carefully ordered questions and activities that engage small groups of students in active learning - produce large gains in physics students' understanding of core concepts. However, implementation at another institution is often difficult. Even when implementation goes smoothly, most students continue to think of physics as disconnected facts and formulas, and of learning physics largely as memorizing information. To address these issues, a team of researchers and curriculum developers is refining, testing at a wide variety of institutions, and disseminating a set of tutorials that has proven effective locally at helping to foster conceptual development and favorable changes in students' views about how to learn physics. The five tutorials cover electrostatic forces, electric fields, electric potential, and two topics from the end of a typical first-semester course (torque and wave pulse propagation). They are provided as open-source, electronic documents, so that a professor can modify them for his or her curriculum and student population. To ease implementation and support productive modifications, each tutorial is linked to an instructor's guide that includes the research base and rationale underlying the tutorial, common student difficulties and also common productive student ideas on which to build, section-by-section teaching tips, and other features. To assist with teaching assistant (TA) professional development, the materials also include annotated video clips of students using the tutorials. Many video clips are embedded into video workshops, lesson plans designed for TA seminars and similar settings. Each video workshop highlights key conceptual issues and helps TAs become better at interpreting students' reasoning - a crucial teaching skill in an active-learning format. Preliminary work on these and other tutorials make such development a promising way for the tutorials to be widely used successfully.Intellectual merit: The team takes an integrated approach to curriculum and professional development, by providing materials that facilitate their own implementation. Also, the tutorials and accompanying instructor materials are animated by a theoretical framework for describing cognition, a framework that the Physics Education Research Group has developed and continues to develop in a series of research projects. Broader impact: The TA/faculty development and implementation resources, combined with the adaptability of the tutorials, help bring collaborative active learning to more physics courses. This adaptability is particularly important in light of recent results showing that even well-tested materials taught by exemplary instructors do not always work well when used in unmodified form with students from very different backgrounds.

基于研究的教程——精心安排的问题和活动的工作表，让小组学生参与主动学习——在物理学生对核心概念的理解方面产生了巨大的收获。然而，在另一个机构实施往往很困难。 即使实施进展顺利，大多数学生仍然认为物理是互不相关的事实和公式，并且学习物理主要是为了记忆信息。为了解决这些问题，一个由研究人员和课程开发人员组成的团队正在完善、在各种机构进行测试，并传播一套教程，这些教程已被证明在当地有效，有助于促进概念发展和学生对如何学习物理。这五个教程涵盖静电力、电场、电势以及典型第一学期课程结束时的两个主题（扭矩和波脉冲传播）。它们以开源电子文档的形式提供，以便教授可以根据自己的课程和学生群体对其进行修改。为了简化实施并支持富有成效的修改，每个教程都链接到教师指南，其中包括教程的研究基础和基本原理、常见的学生困难以及可以构建的常见富有成效的学生想法、逐节教学技巧以及其他功能。为了协助助教 (TA) 的专业发展，这些材料还包括学生使用教程的带注释的视频剪辑。许多视频剪辑都嵌入到视频研讨会、为助教研讨会和类似环境设计的课程计划中。每个视频研讨会都会强调关键的概念问题，并帮助助教更好地解释学生的推理——这是主动学习形式中的一项重要教学技能。这些教程和其他教程的初步工作使此类开发成为教程成功广泛使用的有希望的方法。智力价值：团队通过提供促进其自身实施的材料，对课程和专业发展采取综合方法。此外，教程和随附的讲师材料通过描述认知的理论框架进行了动画化，该框架是物理教育研究小组已经开发并在一系列研究项目中继续开发的框架。更广泛的影响：助教/教师发展和实施资源，加上教程的适应性，有助于将协作主动学习带入更多物理课程。这种适应性尤其重要，因为最近的结果表明，即使是由模范教师教授的经过充分测试的材料，在以未经修改的形式与来自不同背景的学生一起使用时也并不总是能很好地发挥作用。