The Economic Geography of Slums in Global Cities of the Less-Developed World

全球欠发达国家城市贫民窟的经济地理

• 批准号: 0721025
• 负责人: Richard Grant
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0721025&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Economic; Geography; Slums; Global; Cities

Slums have long been a characteristic part of the landscapes of large cities in the less-developed world, and they have proliferated in recent decades. This research project will examine slums, but instead of placing the usual focus on slums as problematic places to live in, the investigators will concentrate on the role of slums as sites of economic production. The investigators will systematically study the nature of economic activity in slums, how that activity is rooted in the slum, and its connections to the wider urban economy. What kind of economic activity takes place in slums, and how important is it to slum communities? Why does it take place in that particular slum location, and what is the nature and extent of spatial concentration? What are the external linkages, and how is this activity connected to the wider urban economy? The project us expected to breaks new ground in three ways. First, it will combine different geographical and thematic literatures, such as writings on slums that often disregard economic dimensions and writings on the "new economic geography" that lack attention to slum milieus. Second, the project will develop a theoretical argument as to why slums can be important sites of economic activity. Explanations include the immediate presence of labor, the absence of zoning policies, and strong social networks. Finally, the project will place major emphasis on primary data collection on labor and firms in two large and well-known slums, Dharavi in Mumbai (India) and Klipspruit Valley in Johannesburg (South Africa). The investigators will combine large scale surveying of slum households and slum firms, statistical analysis, interviews, and mapping. The project will reveal the nature and significance of economic production in the two study areas and will contribute to general theory development on the spatial organization of urban economies and on the nature of slums.About one billion people currently live in slums world-wide, and if current trends continue, the number will double by 2030. It is critical to better understand the economic logic of slums not just as "labor reservoirs" but also as sites or zones of specialized economic production. Without such understanding, one cannot fully understand the overall urban economy of these cities. Urban economic development strategies must take into account the economic role of slums, particularly in regard to popular efforts to stimulate local enterprise development. Furthermore, policies dealing with slums thus far have systematically ignored their economic functions, but slum eradication, rehabilitation, and relocation may have important economic consequences. The project therefore will be relevant to academic, social, and policy concerns.

长期以来，贫民窟一直是较不发达世界中大城市景观的一个特征部分，并且近几十年来它们已经激增。 该研究项目将检查贫民窟，但是研究人员将专注于贫民窟作为经济生产场所的作用，而不是将通常关注贫民窟作为有问题的生活地点。 研究人员将系统地研究贫民窟中经济活动的性质，该活动是如何植根于贫民窟以及其与更广泛的城市经济的联系。 贫民窟发生了什么样的经济活动，对贫民窟社区有多重要？ 为什么它发生在那个特定的贫民窟位置，空间集中的性质和程度是什么？ 什么是外部联系，这项活动与更广泛的城市经济有何关系？ 我们预计该项目将以三种方式打破新的基础。 首先，它将结合不同的地理和主题文献，例如在贫民窟上的著作，这些贫民窟经常无视经济方面和“新经济地理”的著作，而“新的经济地理”缺乏对贫民窟环境的关注。 其次，该项目将建立一个理论上的论点，即为什么贫民窟可以成为经济活动的重要场所。 解释包括劳动的立即存在，缺乏分区政策和强大的社交网络。 最后，该项目将重点重点放在两个大而众所周知的贫民窟的劳动和公司的主要数据收集，孟买的达拉维（印度）和约翰内斯堡（南非）的克利普斯普罗特谷（Klipspruit Valley）。 调查人员将结合对贫民窟家庭和贫民窟公司，统计分析，访谈和映射的大规模测量。 该项目将揭示这两个研究领域的经济生产的性质和意义，并将为城市经济的空间组织和贫民窟的性质做出贡献。目前目前居住在全球贫民窟中的十亿人，如果当前趋势继续延续，那么数字将继续，该数字将在2030年持续一倍，到2030年，到2030年的经济逻辑是至关重要的。 没有这样的理解，人们就无法完全理解这些城市的整体城市经济。 城市经济发展战略必须考虑贫民窟的经济作用，特别是在刺激当地企业发展的大众努力方面。 此外，到目前为止，处理贫民窟的政策已系统地忽略了其经济功能，但是消除贫民窟，康复和搬迁可能会带来重要的经济后果。因此，该项目将与学术，社会和政策问题有关。