SGER: Preliminary Instrumentation Study of Rates and Mechanisms of Crack Initiation and Mechanical Weathering

SGER：裂纹萌生和机械风化速率和机制的初步仪器研究

• 批准号: 0705277
• 负责人: Martha Eppes
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Charlotte
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-15 至 2008-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0705277&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Preliminary; Instrumentation; Study; Rates

The physical disintegration of rock is a fundamental process by which the natural Earth as well as its man-made accessories is modified. Mechanical weathering is strongly linked to surface processes such as the erosion of mountain ranges and the production of sediment in streams. It is also responsible for the degradation of buildings and monuments. Nevertheless we have a poor understanding of how physical weathering is initiated in rocks that are not subjected to tectonic forces. Recent research suggests that daily thermal heating and cooling is important for the initiation of fractures in rock; however the physical mechanism by which cracking might occur though this process is unknown. The proposed research involves instrumenting rock surfaces with micro-thermometers, strain gauges and acoustic emission devices in an effort to determine the conditions under which cracking initiates. If temperature changes or gradients are responsible for cracking, there should be a correlation between rock surface temperatures, strain and the initiation of fractures as recorded by acoustic emission devices. The broader impact of the research lies in its potential to increase our understanding of the physical mechanism by which rocks, and thus man-made structures, deteriorate.

岩石的物理瓦解是一个基本过程，自然地球及其人造配件被修改。机械风化与表面过程密切相关，例如山脉的侵蚀和溪流中沉积物的产生。它还负责建筑物和古迹的退化。然而，我们对不受构造力量的岩石中的物理风化方式有糟糕的了解。 最近的研究表明，每天的热加热和冷却对于岩石中裂缝的启动很重要。但是，尽管该过程尚不清楚，但可能会发生破裂的物理机制。 拟议的研究涉及用微电量计，应变测量值和声发射装置的仪器表面，以确定开裂启动的条件。 如果温度变化或梯度负责破裂，则岩石表面温度，应变与骨折的启动之间应有相关性，如声发射装置所记录的。这项研究的更广泛的影响在于它的潜力增加了我们对岩石（从而使人为结构）恶化的物理机制的理解。