The Effect of Submerged and Emergent, Highly Flexible and Rigid Macrophyte Canopy Patches on Flow and Mass Transport

沉水和挺水、高度柔性和刚性的大型植物冠层斑块对流动和质量传递的影响

• 批准号: 0626164
• 负责人: Edwin Cowen
• 金额: $ 28.94万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0626164&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effect; Submerged; Emergent; Highly; Flexible

PROPOSAL NO.: CTS-0626164PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: EDWIN A. COWENINSTITUTION: CORNELL UNIVERSITYTHE EFFECT OF SUBMERGED AND EMERGENT, HIGHLY FLEXIBLE AND RIGID MACROPHYTE CANOPY PATCHES ON FLOW AND MASS TRANSPORT This grant provides funding to perform a series of carefully controlled experimental studies on the effects of aquatic macrophyte canopy patches on low-speed flows. The literature on the effects of terrestrial and aquatic vegetation on flow is becoming quite rich but there is a significant gap in the aquatic plant literature on the effects of heterogeneous canopies in low-speed flows and for the effects of highly flexible macrophtyes in general. The investigators will collect a canonical experimental data set documenting the effects of highly flexible macrophyte canopies and heterogenous macrophyte patches on low-speed flow and mass transport. A secondary goal is to extend and investigate the ability of existing turbulence closure schemes to capture these effects. The experiments will be conducted using two species of live macrophytes. The macrophytes will be placed in patches of increasing complexity in the all glass test section of a wide open-channel flume. State of the art quantitative imaging techniques will be used to measure the turbulent velocity characteristics, including the directly calculated turbulent dissipation, as well as the transport and dispersion of fluorescent tracers. Proposed modifications to turbulence closure models will be the starting point for investigating the ability of models to capture the turbulent kinetic energy budget. Competing numerical models of canopy flow that perform equally well in uniform aquatic canopies will be tested against this novel heterogeneous data set. The collected data set will fill critical gaps in our understanding of aquatic plant-flow interaction. It is important to work with live plants, as field biologists monitor macrophyte communities using metrics that do not lend themselves to scaling with simulated plant model results. The tested turbulence closure models will allow the development of computational tools capable of forecasting transport in natural environments dominated by both highly flexible and heterogeneous plant canopy patches - environments such as lakes of all scales, salt marshes, estuaries and coastal embayments and terrestrial flows as well. The project will lead to an interdisciplinary Ph.D. for a talented female student who will work with the PI to develop laboratory experiences for an introductory fluid mechanics course and to host weeklong projects for a program targeting high-school women interested in science and engineering.

提案编号：CTS-0626164 首席研究员：EDWIN A. COWEN 机构：康奈尔大学 水下和挺水、高度灵活和刚性的大型植物冠层斑块对水流和物质运输的影响 该赠款提供资金来进行一系列仔细控制的实验研究水生大型植物低速水流上的冠层补丁。关于陆地和水生植被对水流影响的文献变得相当丰富，但水生植物关于低速水流中异质冠层的影响和高度灵活的大型植物的影响的水生植物文献中存在显着的差距。 研究人员将收集规范的实验数据集，记录高度灵活的大型植物冠层和异质大型植物斑块对低速流动和质量运输的影响。第二个目标是扩展和研究现有湍流闭合方案捕捉这些影响的能力。实验将使用两种活的大型植物进行。大型植物将被放置在宽阔的明渠水槽的全玻璃测试部分中，其复杂性逐渐增加。最先进的定量成像技术将用于测量湍流速度特性，包括直接计算的湍流耗散，以及荧光示踪剂的传输和分散。 对湍流闭合模型的拟议修改将成为研究模型捕获湍流动能预算的能力的起点。在均匀水生冠层中表现同样出色的冠层流竞争数值模型将针对这个新颖的异构数据集进行测试。 收集的数据集将填补我们对水生植物与水流相互作用的理解的关键空白。使用活植物非常重要，因为野外生物学家使用的指标监测大型植物群落，而这些指标无法通过模拟植物模型结果进行扩展。经过测试的湍流闭合模型将允许开发能够预测由高度灵活和异质的植物冠层斑块主导的自然环境中的运输的计算工具——各种规模的湖泊、盐沼、河口和沿海海湾以及陆地流等环境。该项目将产生跨学科博士学位。面向一名才华横溢的女学生，她将与 PI 合作，为入门流体力学课程开发实验室经验，并为针对对科学和工程感兴趣的高中女性的项目举办为期一周的项目。