The Effect of Submerged and Emergent, Highly Flexible and Rigid Macrophyte Canopy Patches on Flow and Mass Transport

沉水和挺水、高度柔性和刚性的大型植物冠层斑块对流动和质量传递的影响

• 批准号: 0626164
• 负责人: Edwin Cowen
• 金额: $ 28.94万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0626164&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effect; Submerged; Emergent; Highly; Flexible

PROPOSAL NO.: CTS-0626164PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: EDWIN A. COWENINSTITUTION: CORNELL UNIVERSITYTHE EFFECT OF SUBMERGED AND EMERGENT, HIGHLY FLEXIBLE AND RIGID MACROPHYTE CANOPY PATCHES ON FLOW AND MASS TRANSPORT This grant provides funding to perform a series of carefully controlled experimental studies on the effects of aquatic macrophyte canopy patches on low-speed flows. The literature on the effects of terrestrial and aquatic vegetation on flow is becoming quite rich but there is a significant gap in the aquatic plant literature on the effects of heterogeneous canopies in low-speed flows and for the effects of highly flexible macrophtyes in general. The investigators will collect a canonical experimental data set documenting the effects of highly flexible macrophyte canopies and heterogenous macrophyte patches on low-speed flow and mass transport. A secondary goal is to extend and investigate the ability of existing turbulence closure schemes to capture these effects. The experiments will be conducted using two species of live macrophytes. The macrophytes will be placed in patches of increasing complexity in the all glass test section of a wide open-channel flume. State of the art quantitative imaging techniques will be used to measure the turbulent velocity characteristics, including the directly calculated turbulent dissipation, as well as the transport and dispersion of fluorescent tracers. Proposed modifications to turbulence closure models will be the starting point for investigating the ability of models to capture the turbulent kinetic energy budget. Competing numerical models of canopy flow that perform equally well in uniform aquatic canopies will be tested against this novel heterogeneous data set. The collected data set will fill critical gaps in our understanding of aquatic plant-flow interaction. It is important to work with live plants, as field biologists monitor macrophyte communities using metrics that do not lend themselves to scaling with simulated plant model results. The tested turbulence closure models will allow the development of computational tools capable of forecasting transport in natural environments dominated by both highly flexible and heterogeneous plant canopy patches - environments such as lakes of all scales, salt marshes, estuaries and coastal embayments and terrestrial flows as well. The project will lead to an interdisciplinary Ph.D. for a talented female student who will work with the PI to develop laboratory experiences for an introductory fluid mechanics course and to host weeklong projects for a program targeting high-school women interested in science and engineering.

提案编号：CTS-0626164原理调查员：Edwin A. Coweninstitution：康奈尔大学的淹没和新兴，高度灵活，高度灵活和僵化的大型大型植被贴片对流量和大量运输的资金提供了资金，可以进行一系列精心控制的实验研究对水生浓料粘贴剂对低速度的效果进行一系列精心控制的实验研究。关于陆地和水生植被对流动的影响的文献变得非常丰富，但是水生植物文献对低速流中异质檐篷的影响以及一般高度柔韧性巨噬细胞的影响存在很大的差距。 研究人员将收集一个规范的实验数据集，该数据集记录了高度柔性大型植被和异源大型植物斑块对低速流量和质量传输的影响。第二个目标是扩展和研究现有的湍流封闭方案捕获这些效果的能力。实验将使用两种活体大植物进行。大型植物将放置在宽阔的开放通道水槽的所有玻璃测试部分中增加复杂性的斑块中。最先进的定量成像技术将用于测量湍流速度特性，包括直接计算的湍流耗散以及荧光示踪剂的运输和分散。 提出的对湍流封闭模型的修改将是研究模型捕获湍流动能预算能力的起点。在均匀的水生檐篷中表现良好的冠层流量的竞争数值模型将针对这个新型的异质数据集进行测试。 收集的数据集将填补我们对水生植物流相互作用的理解。与现场生物学家使用不适合与模拟植物模型结果相扩展的指标，与现场生物学家一起监视大型植物社区，这一点很重要。经过测试的湍流封闭模型将允许开发能够在高度柔韧性和异构植物冠层斑块（例如所有尺度，盐沼泽，河口，河口和沿海胚胎以及陆地流量的湖泊）主导的自然环境中预测运输的计算工具。该项目将导致跨学科博士学位。对于一个有才华的女学生，他将与PI合作，为入门流体机械师课程开发实验室经验，并为针对对科学和工程感兴趣的高中女性的计划进行为期一周的项目。