The Recovery Divide: Sociospatial Disparities in Disaster Recovery from Hurricane Katrina along Mississippi's Gulf Coast

恢复鸿沟：密西西比州墨西哥湾沿岸卡特里娜飓风灾后恢复的社会空间差异

基本信息

批准号：
0623991
负责人：
Susan Cutter
金额：
$ 71.9万
依托单位：
University South Carolina Research Foundation
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-01-01 至 2011-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0623991&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Recovery Divide Sociospatial Disparities Disaster

项目摘要

Recovery from disaster is a social and physical process involving the restoration of communities and the natural environment. The differential impact of a hazard event coupled with the underlying social vulnerabilities of communities work in tandem to influence the rate and extent of recovery. For example, communities with few institutional and financial resources often experience more lengthy recovery periods when compared to more affluent communities. Similarly, there is ample social science evidence that gender, race, and class differences significantly influence disaster recovery patterns. While communities along Mississippi's Gulf Coast shared the impact of Hurricane Katrina, their demographic and economic compositions vary considerably. This project uses Hurricane Katrina and its impact on Mississippi's Gulf Coast to understand those factors that influence the rate of recovery in the region, but more importantly, the potential inequalities in the process. The research combines baseline geographic data on the social, built environment and hazard vulnerability of the region, a historical narrative on past conditions that influence the current (pre-Katrina) settlement history, a statistical analysis of historical rates of settlement and demographic change in the region, and forecasts for the future trajectory of settlement and demographic change as well as its geographic footprint. Lastly, the project documents the recovery processes itself and the role of inequalities in shaping it through interviews with key individuals in selected case study communities. In this way, the research not only furthers our understanding of the pace of recovery and its geographic extent, but also the role of inequalities in the recovery process and those antecedent conditions that could give rise to a "recovery divide".

从灾难中恢复是一个社会和身体过程，涉及恢复社区和自然环境。危险事件的差异影响以及社区的潜在社会脆弱性同时起作用，以影响恢复的速度和程度。例如，与更富裕的社区相比，机构和财务资源很少的社区通常会经历更长的恢复期。同样，有足够的社会科学证据表明性别，种族和阶级差异会极大地影响灾难恢复模式。密西西比州墨西哥湾沿岸的社区分享了卡特里娜飓风的影响，但他们的人口和经济成分差异很大。该项目使用卡特里娜飓风及其对密西西比州墨西哥湾沿岸的影响来了解影响该地区恢复速率的因素，但更重要的是，该过程中的潜在不平等现象。该研究结合了有关该地区社会，建筑环境和危害脆弱性的基线地理数据，这是对过去条件的历史叙述，影响了当前（卡特里娜飓风前）定居历史，对该地区的历史速度和人口统计学变化的统计分析，以及对未来轨迹和人口统计学变化的预测，以及其地理位置变化以及其地理位置上的范围。最后，该项目记录了恢复过程本身以及通过与选定案例研究社区中关键人物的访谈来塑造它在塑造恢复过程中的作用。通过这种方式，研究不仅进一步发展了我们对恢复速度及其地理范围的理解，而且还进一步了解了不平等的作用在恢复过程中以及可能引起“恢复鸿沟”的先行条件。