US-Turkey Workshop: Comparative studies of the North Anatolian Fault (northwest Turkey) and the San Andreas Fault (southern California); Istanbul, Turkey; August, 2006

美国-土耳其研讨会：北安纳托利亚断层（土耳其西北部）和圣安德烈亚斯断层（加利福尼亚州南部）的比较研究；

• 批准号: 0624039
• 负责人: Marie-Helene Cormier
• 金额: $ 4.65万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0624039&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; Turkey; Workshop; Comparative; studies

0624039CromierScope: This proposal is to support a US-Turkey Workshop: Comparative studies of the North Anatolian Fault and the San Andreas Fault, to be held in Istanbul, Turkey, August 14-16, 2006. The U.S. organizers are Dr. Marie Cormier, Dr. Leonardo Seeber and Dr. Christopher Sorlien, all of the Columbia University Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades, New York. The foreign organizer is Dr. Naci Gorur, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey. The San Andreas Fault in California and the North Anatolian Fault in Turkey are two major continental transform faults that share many characteristics. Both fault systems are right-lateral transforms that slip at rates of 20-35 mm/yr and endanger metropolitan areas with huge populations: Los Angeles (17 million) and Istanbul (13 million). The workshop will be followed by a two-day field trip. The objectives are: initiate comparative studies of the North Anatolian Fault and the San Andreas Fault; formalize collaborations between the Southern California Research Center and a consortium of research institutions in Turkey; plan multinational projects designed to improve seismic hazard assessments in southern California and northwest Turkey. The participation in this workshop of about 30 American scientists together with Turkish and other international scientists investigating the North Anatolian fault will allow innovative research strategies to be discussed.INTELLECTUAL MERITS: By encouraging comparative studies between two major continental transform faults, this workshop will shed new light on the following key issues in earthquake science: What processes account for the differences between geodetic (decadal) and geologic (millennia to millions of years) slip rates? Does fault slip alternate between strands in a branching fault system, does it remain steady state along each strand, or do parallel strands activate and deactivate on a millennium time-scale? To what extent do continental transform faults localize on pre-existing structures? What mechanisms and what fault geometries are responsible for the deep sedimentary basins or high mountains that develop along transform faults? Does the geometrical segmentation of a fault control the segmentation of earthquake ruptures? Can faults defined by seismicity at mid-crustal level be reliably projected into faults defined at upper-crustal level from seismic reflection data or at the surface from geological mapping? Does complex fault geometry favor the nucleation of earthquakes, producing heterogeneous stress conditions and high-frequency seismic energy? Comparative studies will be aided by the existence for southern California of community fault and 3D seismic velocity models that also include GPS surface velocity and relocated seismicity including focal mechanisms. One objective of the workshop will be to discuss strategies for developing a similar digital representation for the North Anatolian Fault, so that both fault systems can be quantitatively compared.BROADER IMPACTS: Seismic hazard can only be anticipated, not reduced, and its characterization is the key to earthquake risk assessment and loss reduction. Any project that strives to characterize the seismotectonic activity near Istanbul and Los Angeles is highly societally relevant, considering that both regions are so densely populated and key centers of economic activity. This workshop will help launch new multinational research projects that will provide better earthquake forecast, better estimate of strong ground motions, and better technology for early warning. All these have the potential to substantially reduce earthquake losses. Several graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and women scientists will be supported for participating in the workshop.

0624039 CromierScope：该提案是为了支持美国 - 土耳其研讨会：北安纳托利亚故障和圣安德烈亚斯故障的比较研究，将于2006年8月14日至16日在土耳其举行。帕利塞德，纽约。外国组织者是土耳其伊斯坦布尔伊斯坦布尔技术大学Naci Gorur博士。 加利福尼亚州和土耳其北安纳托利亚断层的圣安德烈亚斯断层是具有许多特征的两个主要大陆转型断层。这两个断层系统都是右边的变换，其速度为20-35毫米/年，危害人口众多的危害大都市地区：洛杉矶（1700万）和伊斯坦布尔（1300万）。 研讨会将进行为期两天的实地考察。目标是：启动北安纳托利亚断层和圣安德烈亚斯断层的比较研究；正式化了南加州研究中心与土耳其研究机构联盟之间的合作；计划跨国项目，旨在改善南加州和西北土耳其的地震危险评估。 参与大约30位美国科学家的研讨会以及土耳其语和其他国际科学家调查北安纳托利亚过错将允许讨论创新的研究策略。智能优点：通过鼓励两个主要的大陆变换断层之间的比较研究，该研讨会将在地震科学和地震科学之间的以下关键问题（Geodic of Gealistic of Gealistic of Gealistic）（Decactia fromisticia）（Decactia fromance fromance）（Decactia fromance fromance）（Decactia fromance fromance fromance）（Decactia fromance fromance fromance fromance fromisticia）（dececation fromistia fromance）年）滑动率？断层滑移是否在分支故障系统中的链之间进行交替，是否保持沿每条链的稳态，或者平行线在千年的时间尺度上激活并停用？大陆转化的故障在多大程度上定位在现有的结构上？哪些机制和哪些断层几何形状负责沿变换断层发展的深层沉积盆地或高山？断层控制地震破裂的分割的几何分割会发生吗？可以可靠地将地震中的地震级别的地震性定义的断层指定为从地震反射数据或地质映射的表面上定义的断层？复杂的断层几何形状是否有利于地震的成核，产生异质的应力条件和高频地震能量？比较研究将得到南加州社区断层和3D地震速度模型的存在，这些模型还包括GPS表面速度和重新定位（包括焦点机制）。研讨会的一个目的是讨论为北安纳托利亚断层开发类似数字表示形式的策略，以便可以将两个故障系统进行数量比较。Broader的影响：只能预料到地震危险，而不是减少，并且其表征是地震风险评估和减少损失的关键。考虑到这两个地区都是人口稠密和经济活动的关键中心，努力表征伊斯坦布尔和洛杉矶附近的Seismotectonic活动的任何项目都具有很高的社会意义。该研讨会将有助于启动新的跨国研究项目，这些项目将提供更好的地震预测，更好的地面运动估计以及更好的预警技术。所有这些都有可能大大减少地震损失。将支持几位研究生，博士后研究人员和女科学家参加研讨会。