RUI and COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Impact of Extrafluvial Events on River Valley Evolution

RUI 和合作研究：河外事件对河谷演化的影响

• 批准号: 0617234
• 负责人: Lisa Ely
• 金额: $ 15.47万
• 依托单位: Central Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0617234&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Impact; Extrafluvial

Scientific MeritThe project will investigate the impacts of large, rare geologic events, such as landslides or lava flows, on the evolution of bedrock river valleys in the semi-arid, uplifted volcanic plateaus of the interior Columbia River basin. These events are termed "extrafluvial" because they are initiated outside of the river channel itself, but alter the river by changing the channel slope and width; burying the valley bottom; or creating temporary dams that can generate cataclysmic floods upon failure. We hypothesize that these periodic channel-encroaching events are a dominant force in creating and maintaining the geomorphic features of many river canyons. The Owyhee River in southeastern Oregon is the principal field site in which the individual and combined impacts of these catastrophic events will be explored. Geospatial analyses will be used to map and understand the distribution of these processes on other rivers in the region. From these results, reach-scale calculations of incision potential will be made to address quantitatively the relations between landslide/lava invasions and river channel evolution. The results will contribute to the rapidly expanding field of landscape modeling by improving representations of the processes by which rivers carve their valleys. Broader ImpactsCentral Washington University (CWU) and Lewis and Clark College (LCC) are primarily undergraduate institutions; students will conduct the geospatial analysis in an undergraduate course, participate in field trips through the College Outdoors Program, and work directly with investigators. The Science Talent Expansion Program at CWU, partially targeted at students from underrepresented groups in science, will be a source for recruiting participants. Close collaborations with scientists at the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S Forest Service will help disseminate results to stakeholders. The project will contribute to an understanding of geologic hazards posed by large landslide dams and has implications for assessing river-channel impacts of removing human-constructed dams.

科学优点该项目将调查大型罕见的地质事件的影响，例如滑坡或熔岩流，对哥伦比亚河盆地内部半干旱，隆起的火山静态的基岩河谷的演变。这些事件被称为“外部”，因为它们是在河道本身之外启动的，但通过改变河道的斜坡和宽度来改变河流。埋葬山谷的底部；或创建临时水坝，可以在失败时引起灾难性的洪水。我们假设这些周期性的接触事件是创造和维持许多河峡谷的地貌特征的主要力量。俄勒冈州东南部的Owyhee河是主要野外现场，将探索这些灾难性事件的个人和综合影响。地理空间分析将用于绘制和了解这些过程在该地区其他河流上的分布。从这些结果中，将对切口电位进行到达规模的计算，以定量地解决滑坡/熔岩入侵与河流通道演变之间的关系。结果将通过改善河流雕刻其山谷的过程的表示，从而有助于景观建模的迅速扩展。 更广泛的影响中心华盛顿大学（CWU）和刘易斯和克拉克学院（LCC）主要是本科机构；学生将在本科课程中进行地理空间分析，参加大学户外活动的实地考察，并直接与研究人员合作。 CWU的科学人才扩展计划部分针对科学代表性不足小组的学生，将成为招募参与者的来源。与美国地质调查局和美国森林服务局的科学家的密切合作将有助于将结果传播给利益相关者。该项目将有助于理解大型滑坡大坝构成的地质危害，并有影响，对评估去除人类建设的大坝的河流通道影响有影响。