Collaborative Research: Millennial Scale Arctic Climate Change for the last 3.6 My: Scientific Drilling at Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia

合作研究：过去 3.6 年的千年规模北极气候变化 我的：俄罗斯东北部 Elgygytgyn 湖的科学钻探

• 批准号: 0602308
• 负责人: Steven Forman
• 金额: $ 5.32万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602308&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Millennial; Scale; Arctic

The sedimentary record of Lake El'gygytgyn, an impact crater in northeastern Siberia, has become a focus for paleoclimatic research and is now considered a high-priority, world-class target for drilling by the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP). Sediment cores retrieved from the deepest part of the lake (170 m) in 1998 and 2003 revealed a basal age of ~ 250 and nearly 300 ka, and reproducibly demonstrated the sensitivity of the lake to climatic change across NE Asia at millennial timescales. These cores are the oldest terrestrial Arctic cores yet retrieved. This grant will support acquiring deeper cores in spring 2008 through to bedrock. The cores could potentially yield a record of Arctic climate dating back to over 3 My ago. Seismic measurements show 400 m of sediments overlying the impact breccias. This grant is the U.S. contribution to a multi-national effort to retrieve the cores and carry out subsequent scientific research, joining contributions from the ICDP, the Canadian, German and Russian governments.Intellectual merit: The goal is to collect and interpret the longest time-continuous record of climate change in the terrestrial Arctic and compare this record with those from lower latitude marine and terrestrial sites to better understand hemispheric and global climate change. Coring objectives include 2 replicate overlapping cores at 2 sites near the deepest part of the lake. One additional land-based core on lake sediments now overlain by frozen alluvial sediments will allow a better understanding of sediment supply to the lake. These cores will provide a unique Arctic record capturing the mechanisms and dynamics of glacial/interglacial and millennial-scale change for comparison with other long records from the oceans. This will allow scientists to evaluate and model systemic teleconnections and leads/lags relative to insolation forcing during periods of both 41 ka and 100 ka cycling. This record will provide insight as to whether rapid change events identified during the last glacial cycle are typical of earlier glacial periods. This core will allow us to address questions concerning the evolution and mode of Arctic climate change via the transition from the warm middle Pliocene to the onset of the first major Northern Hemisphere glaciation. The cores will provide a record of the regional sensitivity of the N E Asian Arctic to millennial-scale abrupt change and interglacial warmth detected in the timeframe of the EPICA ice cores, long Asian loess and lake records, and marine records.Broader impacts: This work will help us understand the background of natural variations in Arctic climate so that modern changes can be understood within that context. As this work will occur during the International Polar Year (IPY), the retrieval of a unique Arctic core will be especially timely. International sharing of research builds trust and mutual respect between our nations and individuals, but also between political bodies and institutions in Moscow and the more remote regions of Russia. This proposal will support graduate and undergraduates at 4 U.S. institutions. A large portion of the outreach efforts will be internet-based, incorporating the latest interactive 3D GIS and terrain visualization technology, video, and real-time interactions with educators in the field, all tying this project into the IPY.

西伯利亚东北部的撞击坑埃尔吉吉特金湖的沉积记录已成为古气候研究的焦点，目前被国际大陆钻探计划 (ICDP) 视为优先级世界级钻探目标。 1998年和2003年从湖泊最深处（170 m）取回的沉积物岩心显示，基础年龄约为250和近300 ka，并可重复地证明了湖泊对千年时间尺度的东北亚气候变化的敏感性。这些岩心是迄今为止发现的最古老的陆地北极岩心。这笔赠款将支持在 2008 年春季获取更深的岩心直至基岩。这些岩心可能会产生可追溯到 3 年前的北极气候记录。地震测量显示，撞击角砾岩上有 400 米厚的沉积物。这笔赠款是美国对多国努力的贡献，以取回核心并开展后续科学研究，加入 ICDP、加拿大、德国和俄罗斯政府的贡献。 智力价值：目标是收集和解释最长的时间- 北极陆地气候变化的连续记录，并将该记录与低纬度海洋和陆地地点的记录进行比较，以更好地了解半球和全球气候变化。取芯目标包括在湖最深处附近的 2 个地点复制 2 个重叠的岩芯。湖泊沉积物上的一个额外的陆基核心现在被冰冻的冲积沉积物覆盖，这将有助于更好地了解湖泊的沉积物供应。这些岩心将提供独特的北极记录，捕捉冰川/间冰期和千年尺度变化的机制和动态，以便与海洋的其他长期记录进行比较。这将使科学家能够评估和模拟 41 ka 和 100 ka 循环期间相对于日照强迫的系统遥相关和超前/滞后。该记录将提供有关上一次冰河周期期间确定的快速变化事件是否是早期冰河时期的典型事件的见解。这个核心将使我们能够解决有关北极气候变化的演变和模式的问题，从温暖的上新世中期到北半球第一次主要冰川的开始的过渡。这些岩心将提供东北亚北极地区对 EPICA 冰芯、长期亚洲黄土和湖泊记录以及海洋记录的时间范围内检测到的千年尺度突然变化和间冰期温暖的区域敏感性的记录。 更广泛的影响：这项工作将帮助我们了解北极气候自然变化的背景，以便在这种背景下理解现代变化。由于这项工作将在国际极地年（IPY）期间进行，因此检索独特的北极核心将特别及时。国际研究共享可以在我们的国家和个人之间建立信任和相互尊重，也可以在莫斯科和俄罗斯更偏远地区的政治团体和机构之间建立信任和相互尊重。该提案将为 4 所美国机构的研究生和本科生提供支持。大部分推广工作将基于互联网，结合最新的交互式 3D GIS 和地形可视化技术、视频以及与现场教育工作者的实时互动，所有这些都将该项目与 IPY 联系起来。