Ecological Speciation and the Physiological Performance of Plant Hybrids in Ipomopsis

杂种植物的生态物种形成和生理性能

• 批准号: 0542876
• 负责人: Diane Campbell
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0542876&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecological; Speciation; Physiological; Performance; Plant

The proposed research addresses ecological mechanisms by which new species are formed and maintained. In plants, one mechanism involves natural selection mediated by pollinators: two flower species specialize on different animal pollinators, and hybrids receive low pollination. Another possibility is environment-mediated selection: differences in selection between habitats produce genetic incompatibility in hybrids or poor physiological adaptation of hybrids to parental environments. Environment-mediated selection will be tested by measuring physiological performance and fitness of Ipomopsis hybrids and parental species. First, physiological traits (including photosynthesis, water-use efficiency) will be measured as functions of environmental variables. Second, seeds of varying genetic background will be planted into different habitats and followed to test whether divergent vegetative and physiological traits are favored in the two parental habitats. The strength of environment-mediated selection will be compared with pollinator-mediated selection. DNA samples will be stored for future genetic mapping of critical traits. This work integrates physiological methods into the study of evolutionary processes. It will help explain why plant hybrids vary in fitness and contribute to knowledge of speciation, a fundamental issue in evolution. The results have potential benefits to agriculture and conservation. They may help in predicting conditions influencing escape of genes from genetically modified crops into wild relatives, and hybridization between invasive and native plants. The research provides training for undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students.

拟议的研究探讨了新物种形成和维持的生态机制。 在植物中，一种机制涉及由传粉者介导的自然选择：两种花种专门针对不同的动物传粉者，而杂交种接受的授粉率较低。 另一种可能性是环境介导的选择：栖息地之间的选择差异会导致杂交种的遗传不相容性或杂交种对亲代环境的生理适应不良。将通过测量Ipomopsis杂种和亲本物种的生理性能和适应性来测试环境介导的选择。首先，生理特征（包括光合作用、水分利用效率）将作为环境变量的函数进行测量。其次，不同遗传背景的种子将被种植到不同的栖息地，并随后测试两个亲本栖息地是否有不同的营养和生理特征。将比较环境介导的选择与传粉媒介介导的选择的强度。 DNA 样本将被存储起来，用于未来关键性状的基因图谱绘制。 这项工作将生理学方法整合到进化过程的研究中。 它将有助于解释为什么植物杂交体的适应性有所不同，并有助于了解物种形成（进化中的一个基本问题）。 研究结果对农业和保护有潜在的好处。 它们可能有助于预测影响基因从转基因作物逃逸到野生近缘种以及入侵植物和本地植物之间杂交的条件。 该研究为本科生、研究生和博士后提供培训。

项目成果

Pollinator and habitat-mediated selection as potential contributors to ecological speciation in two closely related species

传粉者和栖息地介导的选择作为两个密切相关物种生态物种形成的潜在贡献者

• DOI: 10.1093/evlett/qrad060
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Evolution Letters
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Campbell, Diane R;Powers, John M;Crowell, Madison
• 通讯作者: Crowell, Madison

Early snowmelt projected to cause population decline in a subalpine plant

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820096116
• 发表时间: 2019-06-25
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Campbell, Diane R.