Ecological Speciation and the Physiological Performance of Plant Hybrids in Ipomopsis

杂种植物的生态物种形成和生理性能

• 批准号: 0542876
• 负责人: Diane Campbell
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0542876&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ecological; Speciation; Physiological; Performance; Plant

The proposed research addresses ecological mechanisms by which new species are formed and maintained. In plants, one mechanism involves natural selection mediated by pollinators: two flower species specialize on different animal pollinators, and hybrids receive low pollination. Another possibility is environment-mediated selection: differences in selection between habitats produce genetic incompatibility in hybrids or poor physiological adaptation of hybrids to parental environments. Environment-mediated selection will be tested by measuring physiological performance and fitness of Ipomopsis hybrids and parental species. First, physiological traits (including photosynthesis, water-use efficiency) will be measured as functions of environmental variables. Second, seeds of varying genetic background will be planted into different habitats and followed to test whether divergent vegetative and physiological traits are favored in the two parental habitats. The strength of environment-mediated selection will be compared with pollinator-mediated selection. DNA samples will be stored for future genetic mapping of critical traits. This work integrates physiological methods into the study of evolutionary processes. It will help explain why plant hybrids vary in fitness and contribute to knowledge of speciation, a fundamental issue in evolution. The results have potential benefits to agriculture and conservation. They may help in predicting conditions influencing escape of genes from genetically modified crops into wild relatives, and hybridization between invasive and native plants. The research provides training for undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral students.

拟议的研究探讨了形成和维护新物种的生态机制。 在植物中，一种机制涉及通过授粉媒介介导的自然选择：两种花种类专门研究不同的动物授粉剂，而杂种获得低授粉。 另一种可能性是环境介导的选择：栖息地之间的选择差异在杂种中产生遗传不相容性或杂种对父母环境的生理适应性不佳。环境介导的选择将通过测量依伯氏杂交和父母物种的生理性能和适应性来测试。首先，生理性状（包括光合作用，水利用效率）将被测量为环境变量的功能。其次，不同遗传背景的种子将种植到不同的栖息地中，然后测试在两个父母栖息地中是否偏爱营养和生理特征。环境介导的选择的强度将与传粉媒介介导的选择进行比较。 DNA样品将存储用于临界特征的将来的遗传图。 这项工作将生理方法整合到进化过程的研究中。 它将有助于解释为什么植物杂种在健身方面有所不同，并有助于形成知识，这是进化的基本问题。 结果对农业和保护具有潜在的好处。 它们可能有助于预测影响基因从遗传作物中逃脱到野生亲戚的条件，以及侵入性和本地植物之间的杂交。 该研究为本科，研究生和博士后学生提供了培训。

项目成果

Pollinator and habitat-mediated selection as potential contributors to ecological speciation in two closely related species

传粉者和栖息地介导的选择作为两个密切相关物种生态物种形成的潜在贡献者

• DOI: 10.1093/evlett/qrad060
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Evolution Letters
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Campbell, Diane R;Powers, John M;Crowell, Madison
• 通讯作者: Crowell, Madison

Early snowmelt projected to cause population decline in a subalpine plant

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820096116
• 发表时间: 2019-06-25
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Campbell, Diane R.