Development of martensitic support layers for hard coatings for optimized properties of surface layers by local electron beam (EB) hardening

开发用于硬涂层的马氏体支撑层，通过局部电子束 (EB) 硬化优化表面层的性能

基本信息

批准号：
167979450
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Horst Biermann
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Oberflächentechnik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/167979450?language=en
关键词：
Development martensitic support layers hard

项目摘要

The excellent characteristics of PVD layers, as high hardness and wear resistance, can only be exploited on substrates with sufficient load-bearing capacity, e.g., on tool steels. The use of PVD layers on tribologically stressed components made of softer steels (51CrV 4) makes additional surface hardening necessary. Due to its unique process-specific characteristics - as high power density, flexible and highly dynamic energy modulation, and treatment under vacuum - Electron Beam Hardening (EBH) is eminently suitable to ensure local, stress-optimized improvement of the load-bearing capacity of the steel. The subject of the research project is the innovative combination of PVD coating with subsequent EBH. The research approach of the project is twofold: On the one hand, to increase considerably by means of EBH the supportive function of the substrate surface layer under Ti1-xAlxN layers deposited by magnetron sputtering and, on the other hand, to research in depth the effects of that thermal input on the structural composition and properties of the PVD layer. During phase 1 of the project, significant findings were made regarding the influence of the chemical composition and layer thickness of the Ti1-xAlxN on its behavior during EBH. In the projects 2nd phase, the scientific principles shall be deepened further in the area of promising layer/EB-treatment variations, and shall be expanded to develop new and important insights into the microstructure and wear behavior of such surface-layer combinations. In the 1st project period, the occurrence of layer defects such as cracking, flaking, and delamination could be contained, but not completely eliminated. Accompanied by a mathematical simulation of the internal stresses, the causes of such damage shall be derived, and tailor-made multilayer and graded layer systems generated to minimize damage potential with respect to the subsequent EBH. Moreover, crack-free surface layer combinations with application-relevant thicknesses shall be produced. Furthermore, insufficiently understood phenomena brought about by the EB treatment of the Ti1-xAlxN layers shall be researched, especially locally restricted diffusion and micro-melting at the interface between the PVD and EBH layers. In this context, the extent to which targeted utilization of these effects is relevant for the improvement of layer adhesion must be clarified. Key concerns of the 2nd project period further shall be the research of the mechanism of energy absorption by inhomogeneous absorption layers during EBH, as well as the examination of thermally induced phase transformations in Ti1-xAlxN. These transformations make possible the local modification by EB action of internal stresses and, therefore, of the layer hardness. The EBH treatment shall also be realized using the Flash technique, as opposed to the EB hardness field (CI Technique) used to date. Targeted one-dimensional heat dissipation can thus be realized for defined samples.

PVD层的出色特性（作为高硬度和耐磨性）只能在具有足够承重能力的基材上（例如在工具钢上）进行利用。 PVD层在由柔软的钢制成的摩擦学压力组件上（51CRV 4）上进行，因此需要额外的表面硬化。由于其独特的过程特异性特征 - 高功率密度，柔性和高度动态的能量调制以及真空下的处理 - 电子束硬化（EBH）非常适合确保钢铁载荷能力的局部，应力优化的改善。研究项目的主题是PVD涂层与随后的EBH的创新组合。该项目的研究方法是双重的：一方面，通过EBH大大增加了通过Magnetron溅射沉积的TI1-XALXN层的底物表面层的支撑功能，另一方面，另一方面，在destth上研究了该热输入对PVD层的结构成分和特性的影响。在该项目的第1阶段中，对Ti1-Xalxn的化学成分和层厚度对其在EBH期间的行为的影响做出了重大发现。在第二阶段的项目中，应在有希望的层/EB处理变化的领域进一步加深科学原则，并应扩展，以对此类表面组合的微观结构和磨损行为产生新的重要见解。在第一个项目期间，可以包含层缺陷（例如破裂，剥落和分层）等层缺陷，但不能完全消除。伴随着对内部应力的数学模拟，应得出这种损害的原因，并量身定制了制造的多层和分级层系统，从而使相对于随后的EBH最小化损伤潜力。此外，应产生与应用相关厚度的无裂纹表面层组合。此外，应研究由TI1-XALXN层的EB处理所带来的现象，尤其是在PVD和EBH层之间的界面处受到局部限制的扩散和微熔点。在这种情况下，必须阐明靶向利用这些效应的靶向利用与改善层粘附的程度有关。第二个项目期间的关键问题应是研究EBH期间通过不均匀吸收层的能量吸收机理的研究，以及对TI1-XALXN中热诱导的相变的检查。这些转换使得内部应力的EB作用以及层硬度的EB作用使局部修改成为可能。与EB硬度场（CI技术）相比，还应使用闪光技术实现EBH处理。因此，对于定义的样品，可以实现靶向的一维散热。