BE/CBC: Complex Interactions Among Water, Nutrients and Carbon Stocks and Fluxes Across a Natural Fertility Gradient in Tropical Rain Forest

BE/CBC：热带雨林自然肥力梯度中水、养分、碳储量和通量之间的复杂相互作用

• 批准号: 0421178
• 负责人: Steven Oberbauer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0421178&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CBC; Complex; Interactions; Among; Water

0421178OberbauerThe world's tropical rain forests play a disproportionately large role in the global carbon budget. Their current and future carbon balance is poorly understood and remains controversial because of large gaps in our understanding of carbon cycling in this biome. To date relevant studies in these forests have largely been limited to few carbon fluxes that were followed for short periods. For no topical rain forest has there been a multi-year integrated study of multiple components of both aboveground and belowground carbon cycling and how they interact with and are controlled by water, nutrients, and climatic factors. This Biocomplexity project will address these knowledge gaps to bring understand of tropical forest carbon cycling to a new level.We will build on complementary on-going research in an exceptionally well-studied tropical rain forest (La Selva, Costa Rica) for a first-time integrated study of forest carbon, nutrient, and hydrological cycles. Our study will contrast the effects of different phases of the ENSO cycle and will compare stands across a broad range of soil fertility levels, thus representative of the fertility levels of many of the world's tropical forests. The broad range of expertise represented in our team - tropical forest ecology, plant ecophysiology, micrometeorology, forest biogeochemistry, forest hydrology, ecosystem modeling, remote sensing, invertebrate biology - will allow us to together address many interacting aspects of the carbon, nutrient, and water cycles in this forest. With complementary data from on-going studies at La Selva, this project will provide a more comprehensive analysis of the forest carbon budget than has been attained for any TRF. Because our studies will be continuous through almost three years and for some data sets build on long-term measurements, we will be able to study how inter-year variation in climatic factors such as temperature and rainfall affect the complex interactions and feedbacks among carbon, nutrients, and water in this ecosystem type. By studying all of these cycles in concert, through time, and across a strong gradient of soil fertility levels, we will be able to identify and quantify the complex constraints and feedbacks among all these co-varying processes. We will integrate our findings by developing from our data an empirically-based tropical rain forest version of the ecosystem process model CENTURY. We will use this model to develop a generalizable, predictive understanding of how TRF currently processes carbon, and TRF carbon balance is likely to respond to the on-going changes in climate.Broader impacts - Through a many-faceted education program, this project will convey both our research findings and the concepts of Biocomplexity, global change, and ecosystem science, to diverse levels of students decision-makers, and the general public. The research component of this project will provide outstanding opportunities for intensive research training by hands-on participation in interdisciplinary science in the tropics for a postdoctoral fellow, graduate students, numerous undergraduate assistants, and Costa Rican postgraduates and assistants. The project will be presented in the form of lectures, field problems/walks, and informal interactions to the thousands of undergraduate and graduate students in university-level field biology courses that visit the field site annually. We have partnered with Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden and the Organization for Tropical Studies with outreach programs that will annually reach thousands of children, students and the general public, both in the U.S. and in Costa Rica. Public education components of the project target will raise awareness of the school children, their teachers, and the general public to the connectivity of water, carbon and nutrient processes in the tropics and how their effects can extend to the global scale.

0421178 Oberbauerth世界的热带雨林在全球碳预算中起着不成比例的作用。 他们当前和未来的碳平衡知之甚少，并且由于我们对这个生物群落中碳循环的理解而存在很大的差距，因此仍然存在争议。 迄今为止，这些森林中的相关研究在很大程度上仅限于很少发生短期碳通量。 对于任何局部雨林，都没有对地上和地下碳循环的多个组成部分进行多年综合研究，以及它们如何与水，营养物质和气候因素相互作用并控制。 这个生物复杂的项目将解决这些知识差距，以使热带森林碳循环提升到一个新的水平。我们将在一个非常研究的热带雨林（La Selva，Costa Rica）中进行互补的持续研究，以对森林碳，营养碳，营养和水文循环进行首次综合研究。 我们的研究将与ENSO周期不同阶段的影响进行对比，并将比较跨多种土壤生育水平的林分，从而代表了世界许多热带森林的生育水平。 我们的团队中代表的广泛专业知识 - 热带森林生态学，植物生态生物学，微观气象学，森林生物地球化学，森林水文学，生态系统建模，遥感，无脊椎动物生物学 - 将使我们能够共同解决该森林中碳，营养和水环的许多相互作用的方面。 借助La Selva正在进行的研究的补充数据，该项目将对森林碳预算进行更全面的分析。 由于我们的研究将在将近三年的时间内连续，并且对于某些数据集以长期测量为基础，我们将能够研究气候因素的年间变化（例如温度和降雨）如何影响这种生态系统类型中碳，养分和水之间的复杂相互作用和反馈。 通过在整个土壤生育水平的强大梯度中研究所有这些周期，我们将能够识别和量化所有这些共同变化过程中的复杂约束和反馈。 我们将通过从数据制定基于经验的热带雨林版本的生态系统过程模型世纪来整合发现结果。 我们将使用该模型来对TRF当前如何处理碳的方式发展，而TRF碳平衡可能会对气候的持续变化做出响应。BROADER的影响 - 通过一个多方面的教育计划，该项目将传达我们的研究结果，既可以传达我们的研究结果，又可以传达生物启示性，全球变化，全球变化和生态系统科学，公众公众层面的概念。 该项目的研究组成部分将为博士后研究员，研究生，众多本科助理和哥斯达黎加的后研究生和助理提供动手参与的热带学科跨学科科学的深入研究培训。 该项目将以讲座，野外问题/步行方式以及每年访问现场地点的大学水平现场生物学课程的成千上万本科生和研究生的非正式互动形式进行。 我们已经与Fairchild热带植物园和热带研究组织合作与外展计划，每年将在美国和哥斯达黎加覆盖成千上万的儿童，学生和公众。 项目目标的公共教育组成部分将提高对学校儿童，他们的老师和公众对热带地区水，碳和营养过程的连通性的认识，以及他们的影响如何扩展到全球范围。