U.S.-New Zealand and Australia Cooperative Research: Studies in Reactive Oxygen Species in Aquatic Environments

美国-新西兰和澳大利亚合作研究：水生环境中活性氧的研究

• 批准号: 0353210
• 负责人: William Cooper
• 金额: $ 2.65万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Wilmington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-15 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0353210&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; New; Zealand; Australia; Cooperative

0353210CooperThis award supports three years of collaborative research interaction by Dr William Cooper of the University of North Carolina at Wilmington with recently established colleagues in New Zealand and Australia. It also enables a female undergraduate student from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to partipate in the research in New Zealand. Professor Cooper's primary collaborators are Dr. Barrie Peake, University of Otago, Department of Chemistry, and Dr. T. David Waite, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Centre for Water and Waste Technology, University of New South Wales (UNSW.) Other project participants in New Zealand include a U.S. graduate student of Dr. Cooper's who is funded from other sources.The main focus of the research in New Zealand is the aquatic chemistry of two reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide radical anion, O2- , and hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, in several distinctly different environments. There are three specific research objectives in New Zealand. 1) To study the effect of depleted stratospheric ozone (i.e. increased UV-B) on surface water photochemistry (i.e. the formation of ROS) in both fresh waters (impounded water reservoirs and running streams) and coastal oceans and estuaries. 2) To continue a study of the variability of H2O2 in rain collected at several sites that was initiated by Dr. Robert Kieber during his sabbatical in New Zealand in early 1999 and to extend these data on rainwater to the concentration of H2O2 in the troposphere in regions of depleted stratospheric ozone. 3) To conduct studies to obtain a better understanding of the relationship of ROS and the production of toxins by phytoplankton during harmful algal bloom. The research in Australia will be a continuation of studies begun by Dr. Cooper during his 2003 sabbatical at UNSW. This work is in the area of kinetic modeling of an Advanced Oxidation Process, "Fenton's chemistry." Scientific MeritThe flux of atmospheric ozone is the focus of substantial attention because of the role it plays in global change. This work will also focus on biologic and non-biologic sources of hydrogen peroxide production; preliminary results suggest that in some cases microbial and algal sources may outweigh photochemical sources. Improved understanding and modeling of the sources and behavior of reactive oxygen species in aquatic environments may therefore also contribute to work in environmental engineering aimed at relevant pollution abatement procedures.Broader ImpactThe collaborative research involves U.S. graduate students as well as a female undergraduate student from the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. The PI intends that the supported visits will firmly establish and advance several lines of research that will involve long-term collaboration with his new partners in New Zealand and Australian. The PI will prepare a series of lectures on radiation chemistry, ballast water treatment with ozone, and the relationship of ROS and harmful algal phytoplankton. Dr. Cooper and Drs. Peake and Waite have planned an international symposium entitled "Free Radical Chemistry in the Environment." It has been accepted for inclusion in the 2005 Chemical Congress of the Pacific Rim (Pacifichem 2005). The initial visit supported by this award will also be used for coordinating the planning of this meeting. The research results of this project will be presented at this conference, some of them by the U.S. students that are involved in the project.

0353210 Cooperthis Award支持北卡罗来纳大学威尔明顿大学威廉·库珀博士的三年合作研究互动，并在新西兰和澳大利亚最近成立的同事。 它还使来自北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校的女性本科生可以在新西兰进行研究。库珀教授的主要合作者是奥塔哥大学，化学系的巴里·皮克（Barrie Peake）博士，新南威尔士大学（UNSW）的民用与环境工程学院和水与废物技术中心T. David Waite博士（）新西兰的项目参与者包括库珀博士的一名美国研究生，该研究生是从其他来源资助的。新西兰研究的主要重点是两种活性氧（ROS），超氧化物自由基阴离子，O2-，O2-，O2-，O2-，O2-，O2-，o2-，o2-，o2-，o2-，o2-，o2-，，和过氧化氢H2O2在几个截然不同的环境中。新西兰有三个特定的研究目标。 1）研究耗尽的平流层臭氧（即UV-B）对新鲜水域（蓄水储层和奔跑的溪流）以及沿海海洋和河口的地表水光化学（即ROS的形成）的影响。 2）继续研究Robert Kieber博士在1999年初在新西兰休假期间在多个地点收集的H2O2的变异性，并将这些关于雨水的数据扩展到对流层中H2O2的浓度耗尽的平流层臭氧的区域。 3）进行研究，以更好地了解有害藻华期间浮游植物的ROS与毒素产生的关系。澳大利亚的研究将是库珀博士在2003年在UNSW休假期间开始的研究。这项工作是在高级氧化过程的动力学建模领域，“芬顿的化学”。科学值得大气臭氧的通量是极大关注的重点，因为它在全球变化中所发挥的作用。这项工作还将集中于过氧化氢的生物学和非生物学来源。初步结果表明，在某些情况下，微生物和藻类来源可能超过光化学来源。 因此，对水生环境中活性氧物种的来源和行为的理解和建模也可能有助于在环境工程领域的工作。威尔明顿的北卡罗来纳州。 PI打算将支持的访问牢固地建立并推进几项研究，这将涉及与他在新西兰和澳大利亚人的新合作伙伴的长期合作。 PI将准备一系列有关辐射化学，用臭氧的压载水处理以及ROS和有害藻类浮游植物的关系的讲座。库珀博士和博士。皮克（Peake）和怀特（Waite）计划了一场题为“环境中的自由基化学”的国际研讨会。它已被接受在2005年太平洋化学大会上的纳入（Pacifichem 2005）。该奖项支持的初次访问也将用于协调这次会议的计划。该项目的研究结果将在本次会议上介绍，其中一些由美国学生参与该项目。