Reconstructing Late Holocene Volcanic Aerosol Fluxes from Greenland Ice Cores Collected by the PARCA Project

从 PARCA 项目收集的格陵兰冰芯重建全新世晚期火山气溶胶通量

• 批准号: 0352527
• 负责人: Ellen Mosley-Thompson
• 金额: $ 33.75万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0352527&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reconstructing; Late; Holocene; Volcanic; Aerosol

ABSTRACTMoseley-ThompsonOhio State UniversityOPP-03-52527Intellectual merit: The Principal Investigators will analyze the major anions and cations at sub-annual resolution along the entire lengths of five multi-century ice cores collected since 1995 in Greenland under the auspices of the NASA-NSF PARCA (Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment) Project. Few Greenland ice cores have been analyzed continuously at sub-annual resolution by ion chromatography (IC) specifically to quantify the history of volcanically-derived sulfate deposition. Most Greenland volcanic histories are based on conductance measurements that serve as a proxy for, but not a direct measure of, excess sulfate (EXS). The PARCA cores offer an unparalleled opportunity to nearly double the number of annually-resolved Greenland ice core histories of EXS that reveal the sporadic injection of volcanic aerosols into the atmosphere over the last two to eight centuries. Of particular interest are the Humboldt and Tunu cores that will provide the first annually resolved EXS histories determined by IC from northwest Greenland (~812-year record) and northeast Greenland (~500 year record), respectively. The EXS histories from Greenland ice cores, reflecting primarily the input from Northern Hemisphere and tropical eruptions are critical for estimating: 1) the sporadic injection of volcanic aerosols in the stratosphere, creating a natural climate forcing mechanism and 2) the slowly rising background concentrations of sulfate aerosols from the combustion of fossil fuels (i.e., coal), creating an anthropogenic climate forcing mechanism. Ongoing studies that seek to differentiate the contributions of natural forcing mechanisms from those attributable to human activities require knowledge of the history of stratospheric sulfate aerosol loading and the resulting changes in atmospheric optical depth. The polar ice sheets provide the best archive of this information, but well-dated records based upon continuous chemical analyses at sub-annual resolution are limited. The EXS flux histories that the Principal Investigators will extract from the five Greenland PARCA cores will complement existing records and improve the quality and detail of the ice core index of Northern Hemisphere stratospheric sulfate loading over the last 800 years.Broader Impacts: The improved 'ice core-derived' volcanic aerosol records will be valuable to those exploring the relationship between explosive volcanism and climate variability. The analyses will be conducted by a Ph.D. student and the results will constitute the basis for the student's doctoral dissertation. The results will be disseminated broadly to those seeking proxy climate histories. The results from the ice core analyses, as well as the glacier area and volume measurements, continue to be used, by scientists as well as policy makers and stakeholders. The Principal Investigators' ice core-derived climate histories and glacier retreat results were included in the 107th Congress' second session, April, 2002, for global warming discussions to the 2002 energy legislation. The ice core research group includes postdoctoral fellows, graduate students and undergraduates who regularly participate in both their field programs and the laboratory analyses. This group is actively engaged in education. In 2002, media outreach included highlights of the ice core research in more than 100 newspaper articles associated with the NSF-funded Kilimanjaro project. This exposure has extended to television (CNN, National Geographic Society) and radio (BBC World Service, etc.) audiences. The details described confirm that the Ohio State paleoclimate ice core research group is strongly committed to and actively engaged in advancing discovery and understanding while promoting teaching, training and learning at all levels.

AbstractMoseley-Thompsonohio State UniversityOpp-03-52527Intlectual Fureit：主要研究人员将在1995年以来在NASA-NSF PARCA的绿地（NASA-NSF PARCA的大会下）在绿地（Greenland）收集的五个多世纪冰芯的整个五世纪冰芯的整个长度上，分析主要的阴性和阳离子的主要阴离子和阳离子。几乎没有通过离子色谱法（IC）连续分析格陵兰冰核，以量化火山来源的硫酸盐沉积病史。大多数格陵兰火山历史都是基于电导测量的，这些测量是硫酸盐（EXS）的代理但不是直接衡量的。 Parca核心提供了一个无与伦比的机会，几乎将EXS每年溶解的Greenland Ice核心历史数字几乎翻了一番，这些历史揭示了在过去的两个到八个世纪中零星注射火山气入的大气。特别令人感兴趣的是洪堡和Tunu核心，该核心将分别提供由西北格陵兰岛（〜812年的记录）和东北格陵兰岛（〜500年记录）确定的第一个每年解决的EXS历史。从格陵兰冰核心的EXS历史，主要反映了北半球和热带喷发的输入，对于估计至关重要：1）零星在平流层中火山气溶胶零星注射，从而产生了自然气候强迫机制，以及2）硫酸盐气候的浓度缓慢地产生了硫酸盐气候的浓度（I.强迫机制。正在进行的研究旨在区分自然强迫机制与可归因于人类活动的研究需要了解平流层硫酸盐气溶胶载荷的历史以及导致大气光学深度的变化。极性冰盖提供了此信息的最佳存档，但是基于次年分辨率的连续化学分析的良好日期记录有限。主要研究人员将从格陵兰五个帕卡核心中提取的EX通量历史将补充现有记录，并提高北半球冰芯指数的质量和细节，在过去的800年中，北半球平流层硫酸盐的负载。在过去的800年中。：改善的“冰核心”的燃料核心循环记录对那些探索这些关系的变化很有价值，使这些关系构成了探索性的关系。分析将由博士学位进行。学生和结果将构成学生博士学位论文的基础。结果将广泛传播到寻求代理气候历史的人。科学家以及政策制定者和利益相关者继续使用ICE核心分析以及冰川区域和音量测量结果的结果。第107届国会第二届会议（2002年4月）将首席调查人员的冰核心气候历史和冰川撤退结果包括在2002年的《 2002年能源立法》中。 ICE Core Research小组包括定期参加现场计划和实验室分析的博士后研究员，研究生和本科生。该小组积极从事教育。 2002年，媒体外展包括与NSF资助的乞力马扎罗计划相关的100多种报纸文章中的冰核研究的亮点。这种接触扩展到电视（CNN，国家地理学会）和广播电台（BBC世界服务等）。所描述的细节证实，俄亥俄州的古气候冰核心研究小组强烈致力于并积极参与发现和理解，同时促进各个级别的教学，培训和学习。