Collaborative Research on Institutions and Land-Use Politics

制度与​​土地使用政治的合作研究

• 批准号: 0350799
• 负责人: Richard Feiock
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0350799&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Institutions; Land; Use

The research examines institutional change in the context of local land-use politics. Conceptualizing land-use policy choices in terms of institutional change allows us to bring insights from institutional theory to bear on the broader topic of policy change. The main hypothesis is that local government structures, as crucial institutional mediators of political and economic forces, will influence policy dynamics in predictable ways. The focus on the structure of political institutions is a significant departure from property rights and interest group models that treat political institutions as largely transparent to the underlying economic or political forces driving land-use change. To emphasize institutions, the researchers offer a "political market" theory of institutional change that combines political economy theories of property rights with work on local government structure. The resulting framework conceptualizes institutional change as the result of a dynamic contracting process between the suppliers and demanders of change in a community. Political institutions combine with the structure of interest organization to determine outcomes. Different types of political institutions will favor different types of interests, either enhancing or reducing the ability of interests to influence land-use policy. The debate whether form of government makes a difference for local policies remains unsettled because much of the work has focused only on fiscal outputs and has emphasized additive rather then interactive effects of government structure. The investigators' political market approach focuses not only on how the structure of local institutions directly influences land-use decisions, but also on how forces and interests identified in property rights and interest group models are mediated by local institutions. Because land use institutions are central to the system of property rights at the local level this work has important implications for land-use governance. An enhanced understanding of the dynamics of land-use decisions will assist policy makers at all levels of government in the design of land use polices. By investigating the role executive and legislative structures, we can better understand the conditions under which local institutions are responsive to broad public interests and citizen participation. This also furthers education objectives by involving graduate and undergraduate students directly in the research process, and thus provides an alternative learning perspective to the traditional lecture format class.

该研究研究了当地土地利用政治背景下的机构变化。概念化土地利用政策选择在制度变化方面，我们使我们能够从制度理论中洞悉更广泛的政策变革话题。 主要的假设是，作为政治和经济力量的关键机构调解人，地方政府结构将以可预测的方式影响政策动态。 对政治机构结构的关注是与财产权和利益集团模式的重大背离，这些模式将政治机构视为在很大程度上透明了驱动土地利用变化的基本经济或政治力量。 为了强调机构，研究人员提供了制度变革的“政治市场”理论，该理论将财产权的理论与地方政府结构的工作结合在一起。 由此产生的框架概念化了机构变化，这是社区中供应商和变革需求之间的动态签约过程的结果。 政治机构与利益组织的结构相结合，以确定结果。 不同类型的政治机构将支持不同类型的利益，以增强或降低影响土地利用政策的能力。 政府形式是否对当地政策产生影响的辩论仍然令人不安，因为许多工作仅集中在财政产出上，并强调了加法，而不是政府结构的互动效果。调查人员的政治市场方法不仅关注地方机构的结构如何直接影响土地利用决策，还关注财产权和利益集团模型中确定的力量和利益如何由当地机构介导。 由于土地使用机构对地方一级财产权制度至关重要，因此这项工作对土地利用治理具有重要意义。 对土地利用决策动态的增强理解将有助于政府各级的政策制定者设计土地使用政策。 通过调查执行和立法结构的角色，我们可以更好地了解当地机构对广泛的公共利益和公民参与的响应的条件。 这也通过将毕业生和本科生直接参与研究过程来增强教育目标，从而为传统的讲座格式课提供了替代的学习观点。