Nanoporous Membranes by Solventless Melt Processing and Post-Treatments

无溶剂熔融加工和后处理的纳米多孔膜

• 批准号: 0327968
• 负责人: Kamalesh Sirkar
• 金额: $ 34万
• 依托单位: New Jersey Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0327968&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanoporous; Membranes; Solventless; Melt; Processing

Conventional fabrication methods for nanoporous polymeric filtration membranes employ organic solvents resulting in membranes having a wide pore size distribution and limited organic solvent resistance. Large volumes of solvent-contaminated aqueous wastes are produced. Preliminary studies have described a novel and generally applicable solventless technique for making nanoporous membranes from a multicomponent polymer system containing a matrix phase and an immiscible minor phase with/without a compatibilizing block copolymer. The method involves melt extrusion of the multicomponent polymer system into a film and subjecting it to post-extrusion treatments involving stretching steps leading to continuous microcracks in the matrix and pores at the phase interface via debonding. A general investigation of such a technique for making flat nanoporous membranes is proposed. The specific research objectives and the corresponding methods are as follows: (1) Broaden the range of immiscible polymer blends to a variety of systems from two broad classes of polymer combinations: semicrystalline/amorphous, and semicrystalline/semicrystalline with different melting temperatures. System selection will consider their polarity, hydrophilicity, degree of crystallinity, melting temperature, melt viscosity and elasticity and molecular weight and distribution. (2) Established the detailed processing/structure/property correlations between film extrusion and post-treatment conditions, the precursor solid film morphology and the nanoporous membrane structure developed. (3) Investigate the separation characteristics of such membranes in ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, microfiltration, supported liquid membrane permeation as a skin-barrier analog and battery separator applications. (4) Analyze the drastically reduced overall environmental impact of the proposed solventless membrane manufacturing method vis-a-vis existing solvent-based membrane making process.Successful achievement of these research objectives will establish an environmentally friendly general solventless technique of making flat nanoporous polymeric membranes having a variety of commercially-useful separation and transport capabilities for mixtures of molecules/proteins/nanoparticles. The manufacturing methodology will have immediate potential for extension to hollow fiber membranes. Understanding the science of this membrane-making technology and its potential will facilitate development of novel nanoporous membranes. A graduate student and a post-doctoral fellow will be educated in membrane fabrication, membrane characterization and membrane processes. Collaboration between Polymer Processing Institute and the Center for Membrane Technologies at NJIT will advance existing cooperation to a higher level.

纳米多孔聚合物过滤膜的传统制造方法采用有机溶剂，导致膜具有宽的孔径分布和有限的有机溶剂耐受性。 产生大量被溶剂污染的水性废物。 初步研究描述了一种新颖且普遍适用的无溶剂技术，用于从包含基质相和不混溶次要相（有/没有相容性嵌段共聚物）的多组分聚合物体系制备纳米多孔膜。 该方法包括将多组分聚合物体系熔融挤出成薄膜，并对其进行挤出后处理，其中包括拉伸步骤，通过脱粘在基体中产生连续的微裂纹，并在相界面处产生孔隙。 提出了对这种制造平坦纳米多孔膜的技术的一般研究。 具体研究目标和相应方法如下：（1）将不混溶聚合物共混物的范围从两大类聚合物组合（半结晶/无定形、不同熔融温度的半结晶/半结晶）扩大到多种体系。 系统选择将考虑它们的极性、亲水性、结晶度、熔融温度、熔体粘度和弹性以及分子量和分布。 (2)建立了薄膜挤出和后处理条件、前体固体薄膜形态和所开发的纳米多孔膜结构之间的详细加工/结构/性能之间的关系。 (3) 研究此类膜在超滤、纳滤、微滤、支持液膜渗透（作为皮肤屏障模拟和电池隔膜应用）中的分离特性。 (4) 分析与现有溶剂型膜制造工艺相比，所提出的无溶剂膜制造方法对总体环境影响的显着降低。这些研究目标的成功实现将建立一种环境友好型通用无溶剂技术来制造扁平纳米多孔聚合物膜具有多种商业上有用的分子/蛋白质/纳米颗粒混合物的分离和运输能力。 该制造方法将具有直接扩展到中空纤维膜的潜力。 了解这种膜制造技术的科学原理及其潜力将有助于新型纳米多孔膜的开发。 一名研究生和一名博士后将接受膜制造、膜表征和膜工艺方面的教育。 聚合物加工研究所与新泽西理工学院膜技术中心之间的合作将把现有的合作推向更高的水平。