Dynamics Of Mediated Electrochemical Synthesis In Microemulsions

微乳液介导电化学合成动力学

• 批准号: 0335345
• 负责人: James Rusling
• 金额: $ 39万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-02-01 至 2008-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0335345&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Mediated; Electrochemical; Synthesis; Microemulsions

Microemulsions are clear, stable, non-toxic fluids made from oil, water and detergent. Prior research has shown how microemulsions can enhance rates and control pathways of electrolytic chemical formation. The long-term scientific goal is to develop a fundamental understanding of how dynamic processes at interfaces in microemulsions can be used to control reactivity and reaction pathways. From a practical point of view, this project seeks to uncover methodology to make chiral chemicals stereoselectively in microemulsions using films of inexpensive proteins and other chiral catalysts. Chirality, the property of a molecule being non-superimposable on its mirror image, is a key to drug activity. One chiral form of a drug often possesses all the desired activity. The drug industry is currently leading a large effort toward production of chiral drugs, with a future market predicted at over $15 billion. If developed properly, catalytic synthesis in microemulsions may be an important contributor to future toolboxes of clean chiral synthetic methods. The technological impact of stable, efficient catalytic electrodes and surfaces designed for stereoselective chemical production in microemulsions could be very large. They would enable reusable catalysts to make fine chemicals, such as drugs, employing only electricity and consumable feed reactants. Problems with side products, catalyst recovery, or solvent toxicity would be minimized. Specific aims in this project period involve understanding how dynamic interactions between microemulsions, catalytic films, and reactants control reaction rates, pathways and stereochemistry. Representative reactions that are catalyzed by stable films of polymer and protein catalysts will be examined. A number of modern spectroscopic, microscopic and physical methods will be used to characterize reactant-film interactions with a view to optimizing the reaction systems. The broader impact of the work includes fundamental guidance to develop future electrochemical syntheses in relatively inexpensive, low toxicity, water-based fluids. This project will build a basis for future cost-effective, environmentally benign processes to make high value chemicals such as drugs. The project includes a broad-based education component, and will involve high school, college undergraduate, and graduate students, including underrepresented groups and women, in the research. Senior graduate students will be involved in training students at the beginning levels. Mentoring activities will be used at all levels. Students will take advanced courses preparing them for research on the project and will present their research findings at national conferences and workshops. Overall, the project provides a rich training ground in modern cross-disciplinary research and education for participants at several levels of expertise.---------------------------------------------------------------- . Rouhi, A. M. "Chiral Roundup" Chem. & Eng. News, June 10, 2002, pp. 43-57.

微乳液是由油，水和洗涤剂制成的清晰，稳定，无毒的液体。 先前的研究表明，微乳液如何提高电解化学形成的速率和控制途径。长期的科学目标是对微乳液中界面的动态过程如何用于控制反应性和反应途径的基本了解。从实际的角度来看，该项目试图发现使用廉价蛋白质和其他手性催化剂的膜在微乳液中立体选择性化学化学物质的方法。手学是分子在其镜像上不可感染的特性，是药物活性的关键。一种药物的一种手性形式通常具有所有所需的活性。该药业目前正在领导生产手性药物的巨大努力，预计未来的市场将超过150亿美元。 如果正确开发，微乳液中的催化合成可能是使未来的干性合成方法工具箱的重要促进者。稳定，有效的催化电极和为立体选择化学生产的稳定，有效的催化电极和微乳液中的技术影响可能非常大。它们将使可重复使用的催化剂能够制造出优质的化学物质，例如药物，仅采用电力和易消耗的饲料反应物。侧产品，催化剂回收或溶剂毒性的问题将最小化。 在这个项目期间的具体目的涉及了解微乳液，催化膜和反应物之间的动态相互作用如何控制反应速率，途径和立体化学。将检查由聚合物和蛋白质催化剂稳定膜催化的代表性反应。 许多现代光谱，显微镜和物理方法将用于表征反应物 - 膜相互作用，以优化反应系统。 这项工作的广泛影响包括在相对廉价，低毒性，水基液体中开发未来电化学合成的基本指导。该项目将为未来的成本效益，环境良性过程建立基础，以制造高价值的化学物质，例如药物。该项目包括广泛的教育部分，并将在研究中涉及高中，大学本科生和研究生，包括代表性不足的群体和妇女。高级研究生将参与培训学生的培训。指导活动将在各个级别使用。学生将参加为该项目进行研究的高级课程，并将在国家会议和研讨会上介绍他们的研究结果。总体而言，该项目在现代跨学科研究和教育方面为参与者提供了丰富的培训理由。 Rouhi，A。M.“手性综述”化学。 ＆Eng。新闻，2002年6月10日，第43-57页。