Transport of Solutes and Macromolecules through Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Membranes

通过反渗透和纳滤膜传输溶质和大分子

• 批准号: 0332217
• 负责人: Benito Marinas
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0332217&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Transport; Solutes; Macromolecules; through; Reverse

0332217 Marinas The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the mechanisms by which water contaminants, ranging from small neutral molecules to large macromolecules, permeate through reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes. Selected solutes and macromolecules are arsenious acid, atrazine (216 Daltons), Rhodamine WT (480 Daltons), and three coliphages (fr, MS2, T4) ranging in size from 19 to 80 nm. This list resulted from a compromise among several criteria including the selection of water contaminants of current interest and surrogates used to assess the performance of RO/NF membranes, small solutes and macromolecules known to be poorly-rejected by some by RO/NF membranes, and compounds quantifiable in multi-solute samples with relatively simple interference-free analytical techniques. The scope of work of the project is designed to develop a fundamental understanding for the mechanisms responsible for the permeation of water and various types of solutes through RO and NF membranes including elucidating the role of the concentration polarization phenomenon in the overall transport of target solutes and macromolecules. In order to accomplish this goal, permeation experiments will be performed to characterize the contribution to overall solute/macromolecule permeation by sorption/diffusion/desorption through the membrane polymer matrix and advection through membrane nanopores, as well as the effect of concentration polarization on both types of permeation. Experimental variables under consideration include hydraulic pressure, background and target solute concentration, temperature, and pH. Then, the size distribution of nanopores in the active layers of RO and NF membranes will be characterized by a combination of atomic force and scanning electron microscopy, and gas adsorption/desorption techniques. It is anticipated that characterizing the pore size distribution of RO/NF membranes will require integrating the results obtained with these three methods. The final task of the study will be the development of a mechanistic model to represent the permeation of water, solutes and macromolecules through RO and NF membranes.

0332217这项研究的主要目的是阐明从小型中性分子到大型大分子的水污染物的机制，通过反渗透和纳米滤膜渗透。选定的溶质和大分子是砷酸，阿特拉津（216 daltons），若丹明WT（480 daltons）和三个侧臂（FR，MS2，T4），大小为19至80 nm。该列表是由于几个标准之间的妥协所引起的，包括选择当前兴趣的水污染物和用于评估RO/NF膜的性能，小溶质和大分子的性能，这些溶质和大分子被RO/NF膜抑制不良的较差，以及在多孔型中的多型型样品中可量化的，并具有相互分析的多种分析技术。该项目的工作范围旨在通过RO和NF膜来对负责水和各种类型的溶质的机制发展基本理解，包括阐明浓度极化现象在目标溶质和宏观分子的整体运输中的作用。为了实现这一目标，将进行渗透实验，以表征通过膜聚合物基质通过吸附/扩散/解吸对整体溶质/大分子渗透的贡献，并通过膜纳米孔的对流以及对两种渗透率的浓度对两种类型的影响的影响。正在考虑的实验变量包括液压，背景和目标溶质浓度，温度和pH。然后，在RO和NF膜的活性层中纳米孔的尺寸分布的特征是原子力和扫描电子显微镜以及气体吸附/解吸技术的组合。预计表征RO/NF膜的孔径分布将需要与这三种方法相结合。该研究的最终任务是开发一种机械模型，以代表通过RO和NF膜的水，溶质和大分子的渗透。