IDEA: Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks for In Situ Observation of Ecosystem Processes

IDEA：用于生态系统过程原位观测的大规模无线传感器网络

• 批准号: 0308498
• 负责人: Paul Flikkema
• 金额: $ 180.62万
• 依托单位: Northern Arizona University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0308498&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: IDEA; Large; Scale; Wireless; Sensor; IDEA; Large; Scale; Wireless; Sensor

A grant has been awarded to Northern Arizona University under the direction of Dr. Paul Flikkema for the development and deployment of a wireless sensor network for the purpose of enabling a better understanding of environmental and ecosystem processes across multiple scales. Progress in an array of technologies, including microelectronic sensing and computation, wireless communication, and the self-assembly of autonomous devices into cooperative networks has inspired the vision of wireless sensor networks. While networks of intelligent agents transparently embedded into our physical environment could advance human welfare in a number of domains, research indicates that any successful wireless sensor network must be carefully optimized for its application. Our goals are to (i) complete the development of wireless environmental sensor network technology, (ii) make significant progress in understanding the maintenance of biodiversity and in measuring ecosystem properties by applying this technology to three field projects, (iii) build awareness of the benefits of the technology to society, and (iv) improve collaboration between engineering and the sciences. The instrumentation development component of this project builds on a successful seed effort in which we have constructed a small proof-of-concept wireless environmental sensing network. We will build a "distributed instrument"--a prototype network comprising hundreds of palm-sized wireless sensors. In anticipation of this prototype development, we have paid careful attention to ensuring that our networking technology will scale up to thousands of sensors, providing dense coverage at landscape geographic scales.The prototype network technology will be deployed to enable a new degree of data quality in three diverse field studies. First, we will probe the role of the role of fine-scale environmental phenomena in the maintenance of ecosystem diversity in two Eastern US forests. The second experiment maps the complexity of microclimates and their effects on biodiversity in the crowns of the coastal redwoods of California. And in the third field study, we will determine the effects of scale on eddy covariance measurements of ecosystem energy balance in Northern Arizona. The results of these studies will have global implications for biological diversity and ecosystem function. Our education efforts will improve scientific and technological literacy for everyone from researchers to the general public. 1) We will convey the scientific advances made possible by this research to a global audience of students, the public, land mangers, and policy makers through hands-on activities, an interactive cd-rom, and a website. 2) Our efforts in training students from under-represented groups and in training across biological and engineering disciplines will contribute to broadening cultural perspectives in the sciences. 3) We will disseminate knowledge of wireless sensor networks to an interdisciplinary and international group of researchers through a workshop.This project is designed to have a spectrum of broader impacts: it will 1) convey the scientific advances made possible by this research to students, the public, land mangers, and policy makers through hands-on activities, an interactive CD-ROM, and a website; 2) educate students from under-represented groups and across biological and engineering disciplines, broadening cultural perspectives in the sciences; and 3) disseminate knowledge of wireless sensor networks to an interdisciplinary and international group of researchers through workshops.

在Paul Flikkema博士开发和部署无线传感器网络的指导下，已向北亚利桑那大学授予了一笔赠款，以便更好地了解跨多个规模的环境和生态系统流程。 一系列技术的进步，包括微电子传感和计算，无线通信以及自主设备将自主设备的自组装到合作网络中，激发了无线传感器网络的愿景。尽管透明地嵌入我们物理环境的智能代理网络可以在许多领域中促进人类福利，但研究表明，任何成功的无线传感器网络都必须针对其应用仔细优化。 我们的目标是（i）完成无线环境传感器网络技术的开发，（ii）在了解生物多样性的维持和测量生态系统属性方面取得了重大进展，通过将该技术应用于三个现场项目，（iii）建立对社会的好处的认识，以及（iv）（iv）改善工程和科学之间的协作。该项目的仪器开发组成部分是基于成功的种子工作，在该努力中，我们构建了概念验证的无线环境传感网络。我们将构建一个“分布式仪器”，这是一个包含数百个棕榈大小无线传感器的原型网络。为了预期这种原型开发，我们已经仔细注意确保我们的网络技术将扩展到数千个传感器，从而在景观地理尺度上提供密集的覆盖范围。将部署原型网络技术以在三种不同的现场研究中启用新的数据质量。首先，我们将探讨优质环境现象在维持美国两座美国森林生态系统多样性中的作用。第二个实验绘制了微气候的复杂性及其对加利福尼亚沿海红木冠中生物多样性的影响。在第三次现场研究中，我们将确定尺度对亚利桑那州北部生态系统能量平衡的涡流协方差测量的影响。这些研究的结果将对生物多样性和生态系统功能具有全球影响。我们的教育工作将提高从研究人员到公众的每个人的科学和技术素养。 1）我们将通过动手活动，交互式CD-ROM和一个网站传达这项研究的科学进步，向全球学生，公众，土地管理员和政策制定者传达出可能的科学进步。 2）我们在培训来自代表性不足的群体和跨生物学和工程学科的培训的学生方面的努力将有助于扩大科学的文化观点。 3）我们将通过研讨会将无线传感器网络的知识传播到跨学科和国际研究人员小组。本项目旨在具有更广泛的影响：1）这将通过这项研究实现的科学进步向学生传达给学生，公共，土地管理员和政策制定者通过动手活动，互动的CD-ROM和一个网站以及一个网站和网站； 2）教育来自代表不足的群体以及跨越生物学和工程学科的学生，扩大科学的文化观点； 3）通过研讨会将无线传感器网络的知识传播给跨学科和国际研究人员。