Astroparticle Physics with MILAGRO

MILAGRO 的天体粒子物理学

• 批准号: 0245234
• 负责人: Gaurang Yodh
• 金额: $ 70.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0245234&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Astroparticle; Physics; MILAGRO

This is a proposal to operate the full Milagro air shower telescope,the Milagro pond andthe surrounding array of outrigger water tanks,for the next three years and analyze thedata to study the generation of TeV gamma rays from extremely energetic cosmic objects,such as nearby Active Galactic Nuclei (Blazars),Gamma Ray Bursts(GRB)and steadyemitters in our own Galaxy.Study of TeV gamma rays from sources provides a sensitivetool for understanding the mechanisms for particle acceleration and subsequent gamma raygeneration.TeV gamma rays from GRBs of short duration may allow s to test for possibleenergy dependence of the speed of light as predicted by theories of quantum gravity.Theupper end of the gamma ray spectrum is particularly sensitive to the bulk Lorentz factorand magnetic .elds of the source shock.The shape at TeV energies can provide a probe ofthe extra-galactic IR absorption.Milagro is a water Cherenkov air shower telescope.It consists of a 5000 m 2 central pondand an array of 175 water tanks distributed out to 120 meters from the center of the pond.Its point spread function for gamma rays has a width of 0.8 deg.Its strengths are:all-skysensitivity,continuous 24 hour operation and ability to study transients on many di .erenttime scales.Milagro will be the only contin ously operating TeV gamma ray telescopebefore GLAST will operate.Milagro is a collaboration of Irvine(UCI),Santa Cruz(UCSC)and Riverside(UCR),LANL,Maryland,New Hampshire,NYU and GMU groups.In the last three year grant,we have operated full Milagro pond detector at a data rate of1700 Hz.We have developed a new trigger to be able to study GRBs down to a few hundredGeV so that we can be sensitive to GRBs out to a red shift of 0.4.We have completed thearray of 175 outrigger tanks to be able to locate shower cores out to about 100 meters whichwill improve our pointing and angular resolution substantially.We have working algorithmsto reject more than 90 percent of cosmic ray triggers while keeping more than 50 percent ofgamma ray triggers.We have implemented on-line capability of detecting bursts or transientsin real-time,within 5 minutes and sending out alerts for m ltifrequency searches.We haveobserved the steady Crab at greater than 5 sigma.We have observed Mrk421 during itsactive phase in 2001.We have observed a 30 sigma de .cit for the shadow of the moon in ayear of operation which provides direct energy calibration of Milagro and enables search ofanti-proton component of cosmic rays in the TeV energy range.We have begun the studyof gamma rays expected from cosmic ray interactions in the galaxy in TeV energy range.Milagro not only makes a signi .cant contribution to high energy astrophysics but alsoprovides an excellent tool for teaching,training and learning for graduate students,under-graduate students and science teachers from K-12.With its location in New Mexico,itprovides research and learning experience to Native Americans.At UCI,we have developededucational outreach activities for research experience to undergraduates as a part of on-going UCI REU program,to train high school science teachers through the COSMOS andQuarknet programs of UCI.The UCI Milagro group will continue to provide training toundergraduate and graduate students to work on di .erent aspects of the research and onsite work at the Milagro site for gaining real research experience.

这是一项建议在接下来的三年中运营整个Milagro空气淋浴望远镜，Milagro池塘和周围的围绕一系列的支架水箱，并分析TheData从极其充满活力的宇宙物体中研究Tev Gamma Rays的产生来自来源的TEVγ射线提供了一种敏感性，以了解粒子加速度和随后的伽马射线的机制。短持续时间GRB的Tevγ射线可能使S可以测试s量子的磁性磁心量的磁性磁心量的效果，以预测光速的速度。电击。tev能量的形状可以提供对山乳酸外的吸收。Milagro是一种水cherenkov空气淋浴望远镜。它由5000 m 2中央组成的中央池塘和一组175个水箱分布在池塘中心的120米处，距池塘的传播功能。 24小时的操作和在许多差异尺度上研究瞬时的能力。Milagro将是唯一继续操作的tev伽马射线望远镜，然后Glast将运行。我们已经开发了一个新的触发器，能够研究GRB，以使GRBS降低到几百个ggev，以便我们可以敏感到GRBS到0.4的红移0.4.我们已经完成了175个支出罐的thearray，以使我们能够远离100米的倾斜度，从而使大约100米的倾斜度确定了距离。宇宙射线的触发器触发了超过50％的gamma射线触发。我们已经在5分钟内（在5分钟内，在实时检测爆发或瞬态中的爆发或瞬态）进行了在线能力，并发出警报，以搜索M ltifrequency搜索。我们将稳定的螃蟹稳定于5个SIGMA.SIGMA.SIGMA.SIGM.SIG.SIG阶段。在运行中，月亮的运行方式可直接对米拉格罗进行直接的能量校准，并可以在TEV能量范围内搜索宇宙射线的anti-proton组件。我们已经开始研究γ射线的研究，从宇宙射线相互作用的伽马射线进行了研究，而在Tev Energy范围内的宇宙射线相互作用。Milagro不仅可以对高能量的工具进行培训，而且对高能量的Als Alsoprov进行了培训，而且是出色的Als Alsoprive and Als Alsoprive and Als Alsoprive and Als Alsoprov，并且是Als Alsoprov的一员，但来自K-12的学生，本科生和科学老师在新墨西哥州的位置，ITSPREVE AD AMEMERANS向原住民提供了研究和学习经验。研究生在Milagro网站上从事研究和现场工作的方面工作，以获得真正的研究经验。