GLOBEC-01: Zooplankton population dynamics on Georges Bank: Model and data synthesis

GLOBEC-01：乔治银行的浮游动物种群动态：模型和数据综合

• 批准号: 0222309
• 负责人: Bruce Frost
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0222309&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GLOBEC; 01; Zooplankton; population; dynamics

The goal of this project is to gain a mechanistic understanding of the influences ofclimate variation on the population dynamics and production of target zooplankton species on Georges Bank (Calanus finmarchicus, Pseudocalanus moultoni, P. newmani, and Oithona similis) through its effects on advective transport, temperature, food availability, and predator fields. Using data analysis and models as tools, results acquired during the first three phases of GLOBEC are being incorporated into a new synthesis of the physical and biological processes regulating zooplankton abundance on the Bank. Physical models will be forced with measured daily, interannually variable data, and coupled to biological models synthesizing the detailed observations collected during the GLOBEC program.To understand the role of advection, and to disentangle the effects of physical and biological processes, a hierarchy of physical and biological models are being developed. These include 1-, 2-, and 3- D physical models, ecosystem models, and individual-based models (IBMs) for the target species. The IBMs are being coupled to 1D physical models designed to represent the characteristic environments of the different Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank subregions. Ultimately, the IBMs will be coupled to the full 3D physical/ecosystem model through particle tracking. This will provide a physical and biological milieu in which to develop and probe hypotheses regarding the combined influences of physical and biological factors on the copepod population dynamics.Although the population dynamics in all broadscale survey years will be studied, initialinvestigations are concentrating on 1995, 1998 and 1999. The data sets are the most complete for these years, and SeaWiFS data are available for 1998 and 1999. These years also represent a wide range of environmental conditions: an extensive winter bloom in the Gulf of Maine in 1999 related to Scotian Shelf inflow and increased stratification; a slightly warmer year in 1995; and stronger storm activity in 1998 than 1999. In addition 1998, and to a lesser extent 1999, gave the indication of being strong years for haddock recruitment but apparently not for cod.Specific issues that are being investigated include: wind control of the advective supply of the target zooplankton species to Georges Bank during January-April; interannual and/or event-level variations in the advective flux of Calanus finmarchicus to Gulf of Maine basin diapausing populations during June-April; interannual and/or event-level variations in advective losses of copepods from Georges Bank and bank subregions; the influence of stratification on the planktonic ecosystem, and how this affects the population dynamics of the target zooplankton species through food and predation. As a link to Phase IV synthesis studies on target ichthyoplankton, this investigation provides mechanistic insight into the factors determining production of copepod prey for larval cod and haddock on the Bank.A number of students will be trained over the course of the Phase IV research. These students are being trained as broadly educated researchers adept at combining techniques from a variety of disciplines in their work. In addition, this is the first major independent funding source since graduation for two young investigators (Pringle, Gentleman).

该项目的目的是通过对乔治银行（Calanus Finmarchicus，Pseudocalanus Moultoni，P.Newmani和Oithona Similis）对气候变化对群体动态和产生的影响的影响了解的机械理解，并通过其对建议交通，温度，食品，食品可用性和园艺范围的影响。 使用数据分析和模型作为工具，将Globec前三个阶段中获得的结果纳入了调节银行中浮游动物丰富性的物理和生物过程的新综合。物理模型将通过测量的每日，经过一整天的可变数据强迫，并与生物模型合成了Globec计划期间收集的详细观察结果。了解对流的作用，并确定物理和生物学过程的影响，即物理和生物模型的层次结构。这些包括目标物种的1、2和3 d物理模型，生态系统模型和基于个体的模型（IBM）。 IBM耦合到旨在代表缅因州和乔治银行子区域不同海湾的特征环境的一维物理模型。 最终，IBM将通过粒子跟踪耦合到完整的3D物理/生态系统模型。这将提供一个物理和生物学的环境，可以在其中开发和探测有关物理和生物学因素对CopePod人口动态的综合影响的假设。条件：1999年缅因州海湾的冬季盛开，与斯科舍省的架子流入和分层增加有关； 1995年的一年略温暖； 1998年的暴风雨活动比1999年更强大。此外，1998年，在1999年的范围内，这表明招募黑线座的数年，但显然不是针对COD。正在研究的特定问题包括：目标浮游生物在一月 - 上午期间对目标浮游生物的对流供应给乔治银行的乔治群岛；在6月至4月期间，纳马尔赫库斯对缅因州盆地灌输人口的室内和/或事件级别的变化；乔治银行和银行子区域的CopePod的对流损失的年际和/或事件级别的变化；分层对浮游生态系统的影响，以及这如何通过食物和捕食来影响目标浮游动物的种群动态。 作为与靶标浮游生物的IV阶段合成研究的联系，该研究为确定幼虫鳕鱼和黑线托的CopePod猎物的因素提供了机械洞察力。这些学生正在接受广泛教育的研究人员的培训，他们熟练地结合了工作中各种学科的技术。 此外，这是两名年轻调查员毕业以来的第一个主要独立资金来源（Pringle，Gentleman）。