NIRT: Manufacturing of Novel Continuous Nanocrystalline Ceramic Nanofibers with Superior Mechanical Properties

NIRT：制造具有优异机械性能的新型连续纳米晶陶瓷纳米纤维

• 批准号: 0210850
• 负责人: Yuris Dzenis
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0210850&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NIRT; Manufacturing; Novel; Continuous; Nanocrystalline

This proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 01-157, category NIRT. Nanostructured materials (NSMs) with unusual and extreme properties will play a key role in many emerging technologies. However, manufacturing of NSMs with the desired properties is highly complex and currently is over-reliant on empirical data. In this proposal, a novel manufacturing process producing a new class of ceramic materials, i.e. continuous ceramic nanofibers, will be addressed. The novel sol-gel electrospinning technique (U.S. patent pending), invented recently by two of the PI's (Dzenis and Larsen), produces ceramic fibers of submicron diameters with potentially extreme thermomechanical properties. This technique will be analyzed and optimized for the production of nanocrystalline ceramic nanofibers with superior mechanical properties, based on a comprehensive, multidisciplinary research effort. The research team will develop an efficient and robust computational methodology for simulating realistic nanocrystalline nanofibers and their mechanical response at finite temperatures. A novel atomistic-continuum modeling approach based on a hybrid Monte-Carlo finite element technique will be developed and used. The models will be applied to design strong nanofibers by predicting the effects of the chemical composition and atomic structures of grain boundaries and defects on mechanical properties. The results will be used to develop chemistry and to direct manufacturing of strong nanocrystalline nanofibers. The achievement of the enhanced mechanical properties of the resulting nanofibers will be demonstrated experimentally utilizing novel mechanical characterization techniques based on scanning probe microscopy. As a result of this research, the new nanomanufacturing method will be further developed based on the atomistic-continuum modeling. New nanocrystalline ceramic nanofibers with superior mechanical properties will be produced. The combined manufacturing and model-based optimization will allow the mechanical properties of the nanofibers to be tailored to specific needs of the end user. This general, modeling-driven approach will be applicable to other nanomanufacturing processes and nanomaterials. This technology will be a significant part of future nanotechnology efforts. This research program will impact other key areas of nanotechnology where radical improvement of mechanical properties is critical, e.g., nanostructured membranes for ultrafiltration and other separation processes, nanoreinforcing elements for nanocomposites, supports for nanostructured catalysts, and many others. A multidisciplinary education plan will include development of interdisciplinary graduate courses on materials synthesis technology, computational materials science, and nanoscale materials characterization. Graduate and undergraduate research assistants will work within the various research groups on computational and experimental aspects of the research. Planned interactions with researchers at national laboratories will provide graduate and undergraduate students with additional educational exposure.

该提案是为了响应纳米科学与工程倡议、NSF 01-157、NIRT 类别而收到的。具有不寻常和极端特性的纳米结构材料（NSM）将在许多新兴技术中发挥关键作用。然而，制造具有所需性能的 NSM 非常复杂，目前过度依赖经验数据。在该提案中，将讨论一种生产新型陶瓷材料（即连续陶瓷纳米纤维）的新颖制造工艺。两位 PI（Dzenis 和 Larsen）最近发明了新型溶胶-凝胶静电纺丝技术（正在申请美国专利），可生产具有潜在极端热机械性能的亚微米直径陶瓷纤维。基于全面、多学科的研究工作，该技术将被分析和优化，以生产具有优异机械性能的纳米晶陶瓷纳米纤维。研究团队将开发一种高效、稳健的计算方法，用于模拟真实的纳米晶纳米纤维及其在有限温度下的机械响应。将开发和使用基于混合蒙特卡罗有限元技术的新型原子连续体建模方法。该模型将用于通过预测晶界和缺陷的化学成分和原子结构对机械性能的影响来设计坚固的纳米纤维。研究结果将用于开发化学并指导强纳米晶纳米纤维的制造。利用基于扫描探针显微镜的新型机械表征技术，将通过实验证明所得纳米纤维的机械性能增强。作为这项研究的结果，新的纳米制造方法将基于原子连续介质模型得到进一步发展。将生产出具有优异机械性能的新型纳米晶陶瓷纳米纤维。制造和基于模型的优化相结合将使纳米纤维的机械性能能够根据最终用户的特定需求进行定制。这种通用的、建模驱动的方法将适用于其他纳米制造工艺和纳米材料。这项技术将成为未来纳米技术努力的重要组成部分。该研究计划将影响纳米技术的其他关键领域，其中机械性能的根本改善至关重要，例如用于超滤和其他分离过程的纳米结构膜、纳米复合材料的纳米增强元件、纳米结构催化剂的载体等等。多学科教育计划将包括开发材料合成技术、计算材料科学和纳米材料表征等跨学科研究生课程。研究生和本科生研究助理将在各个研究小组内从事研究的计算和​​实验方面的工作。与国家实验室研究人员的计划互动将为研究生和本科生提供额外的教育机会。