CAREER: Advances in Peer-to-Peer Networking

职业：点对点网络的进步

• 批准号: 0133055
• 负责人: Brian Levine
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0133055&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Advances; Peer; Networking

Metcalfe's law states that the "value" of a network increases with the square of the number of users.However, for most applications, as the number of participants increases, performance degrades, andso too does the value of application to the user. Centralized service and application architecturesare most at risk for not maintaining performance with an increasing user base. Centralized sites canrepresent a processing bottleneck, a single point of failure, or single point ofattack. Furthermore,a single server cannot mitigate for client's poor network conditions in third-party domains. Repli-cating and distributing servers is one solution for solving the problems of centralized architectures. Peer-to-peer services take distribution even further by using collaborative clients who are pre-pared and expected to perform some or all the functions of servers. As new clients bring new loadto the systems, they also bring new resources. Thus, peer-to-peer, collaborative services can be apowerful paradigm: if on average clients bring enough or more than enough resources to balancethe load and cost they incur, then peer-to-peer services can increase in value and performance withthe number of participants. The primary purpose of this proposal is to make fundamental advances in the understanding anddesign of applications and services that make use of replication and collaboration in a peer-to-peerenvironment. Opportunities for the application of peer-to-peer techniques in new disciplines seemlimitless. I propose to examine several applications that are only possible, or achieve their bestperformance, using peer-to-peer architectures and not centralized architectures. These include thenovel peer-to-peer applications of anonymity, secure ad-hoc routing, mobility-based transport forwearable computers, cheat-proof serverless gaming, and distributed information retrieval. There are commonalities to all the numerous peer-to-peer applications we will study: the ex-istence of heterogeneous peer resources, redundancy of offered services at peers, and replication ofapplication data and content. By addressing these issues, the researcher will make important advances in discovery and understanding of peer-to-peer networking and by applying those results to a diverse setof problem areas, the researcher's work will make a broader impact in in fields as diverse as security (privacy, availability, and secure routing), mobile computing, wearable computing, multimedia and gaming,and distributed information retrieval. The major theme of the researcher's proposed educational activities is the involvement of undergraduatesin original research. The goal of the educational proposal is to prepare undergraduate studentsfor graduate school by providing them with an early opportunity toperform research. It consistsof an integrated plan of publishable undergraduate research projects, new course curriculum, thedevelopment of practical lab exercises in networking and network security, distance learning, andminority outreach. By focusing the research of undergraduates on the themes of this proposal, the researcher is ensuring anumber of benefits. First, that the impact of this educational component is tightly integrated withmy research objectives. Second, by coordinating efforts with the director of the Northeast Alliancefor Graduate Education and the Professoriate (NEAGEP), the researcher will improve minority outreach inthe department by preparing and encouraging under-represented minority students to continue onfor doctoral programs at UMass and other universities. Third, the researcher will advance the department'steaching mission by providing a new three-course curriculum of networking and security. Fourth,the researcher will produce a standard set of practical laboratory exercises in networking and network security to be used at any university. Finally, the availability ofmy curriculum and practical exercises, aswell as UMass's existing Video Instruction Program and MANIC distance learning programs, willincrease the external impact of the curriculum.

梅特卡夫定律指出，网络的“价值”随着用户数量的平方而增加。然而，对于大多数应用程序来说，随着参与者数量的增加，性能会下降，应用程序对用户的价值也会下降。集中式服务和应用程序架构因无法随着用户群的不断增加而保持性能而面临最大的风险。集中站点可能代表处理瓶颈、单点故障或单点攻击。此外，单一服务器无法缓解第三方域中客户端网络状况不佳的情况。复制和分布式服务器是解决集中式架构问题的一种解决方案。 点对点服务通过使用已准备好并期望执行服务器的部分或全部功能的协作客户端来进一步实现分发。随着新客户端给系统带来新的负载，它们也带来了新的资源。因此，点对点协作服务可以成为一种强大的范式：如果平均而言，客户端带来足够或超过足够的资源来平衡其所产生的负载和成本，那么点对点服务的价值和性能就会随着客户端数量的增加而增加。参与者。 该提案的主要目的是在对在对等环境中利用复制和协作的应用程序和服务的理解和设计方面取得根本性进展。在新学科中应用点对点技术的机会似乎是无限的。我建议检查几个只有使用点对点架构而不是集中式架构才可能实现或实现最佳性能的应用程序。其中包括新颖的点对点匿名应用、安全的临时路由、可穿戴计算机的基于移动性的传输、防作弊的无服务器游戏和分布式信息检索。 我们将研究的所有众多对等应用程序都有共性：异构对等资源的存在、对等点提供的服务的冗余以及应用程序数据和内容的复制。通过解决这些问题，研究人员将在发现和理解对等网络方面取得重要进展，并通过将这些结果应用于不同的问题领域，研究人员的工作将在安全等不同领域产生更广泛的影响。隐私、可用性和安全路由）、移动计算、可穿戴计算、多媒体和游戏以及分布式信息检索。 研究人员提出的教育活动的主题是本科生参与原创性研究。该教育提案的目标是为本科生提供早期进行研究的机会，为他们进入研究生院做好准备。它包括可出版的本科研究项目、新课程、网络和网络安全、远程学习和少数族裔外展方面的实践实验室练习的开发的综合计划。 通过将本科生的研究重点放在该提案的主题上，研究人员确保了许多好处。首先，这种教育成分的影响与我的研究目标紧密结合。其次，通过与东北研究生教育和教授联盟（NEAGEP）主任协调努力，研究人员将通过准备和鼓励代表性不足的少数族裔学生继续在麻省大学和其他大学攻读博士课程来改善该系的少数族裔外展工作。第三，研究人员将通过提供新的网络和安全三门课程来推进该系的教学任务。第四，研究人员将制作一套标准的网络和网络安全实用实验室练习，供任何大学使用。最后，我的课程和实践练习的可用性，以及麻省大学现有的视频教学计划和 MANIC 远程学习计划，将增加课程的外部影响。