Acquisition of Ultra High Speed Framing Camera to be used for Investigations of Laboratory Simulations of Solar Prominence Dynamics

采购超高速分幅相机，用于研究日珥动力学的实验室模拟

• 批准号: 0114545
• 负责人: Paul Bellan
• 金额: $ 19.72万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0114545&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Acquisition; Ultra; Speed; Framing; Camera

The investigators will purchase an advanced high-speed camera to make sixteen frame movies of single plasma "shots". The main objective is to be able to follow magnetic reconnection and the propagation of ripples of magnetic twist (such as Alfven waves) away from regions of reconnection. The framing rate will be between 8 million and 200 million frames per second. Shot-to-shot reproducibility will no longer be a constraint because the entire fine structure evolution will be captured in a single shot. Data throughput will be increased 16-fold enabling many more experiments and investigation of many important phenomena not being pursued at present. Simulated solar prominences in the laboratory have recently been demonstrated using a unique, specially designed experimental facility at Caltech. The facility uses pulsed power plasma technology to produce a short-lived plasma (10 microseconds) with large magnetic fields (several kilogauss), high currents (tens of kiloamps), and modest dimensions (tens of centimeters). This plasma has the morphology and dynamics of a solar prominence. A program is underway to investigate the topological evolution of these simulated prominences. Topological evolution involves the breaking and reconnection of magnetic field lines and is believed to be a critical process in solar prominence eruptions. The present method for diagnosing the solar prominence simulation experiments uses a single-frame high-speed digital camera, that is a camera that takes a single photograph at a time. The technique consists of creating a sequence of identical plasma shots and then making a single ten nanosecond photo of each shot, but with increasing time offsets of a few hundred nanoseconds. The shot-to-shot reproducibility is sufficient to follow the gross variation in morphology, but not the details. Because it takes about 2 minutes to recharge the pulse power capacitor banks between plasma shots, this single-shot accumulation technique is both tedious and time consuming.

调查人员将购买一台先进的高速相机，制作单个等离子体“镜头”的16部框架电影。 主要目的是能够遵循磁性旋转（例如Alfven波）的连接的传播，从重新连接区域远离。框架率为每秒800万至2亿帧。射击的可重复性将不再是限制，因为整个精细结构演变将被单镜头捕获。数据吞吐量将增加16倍，以实现更多实验，并研究目前尚未追求许多重要现象。最近，使用Caltech的独特，专门设计的实验设施证明了实验室中的模拟太阳突出。该设施使用脉冲功率等离子体技术来生产具有较大磁场（几毫秒）（几千摩斯），高电流（数十千兆）和适度尺寸（数十厘米）的短寿命等离子体（10微秒）。该等离子体具有太阳突出的形态和动力学。正在进行一个计划，以研究这些模拟突出的拓扑演变。拓扑演化涉及磁场线的破坏和重新连接，被认为是太阳突出喷发中的关键过程。目前诊断太阳突出模拟实验的方法使用了单帧的高速数码相机，该摄像头一次拍摄一张照片。该技术包括创建一系列相同的等离子体镜头，然后制作每张镜头的十纳秒照片，但随着时间的偏移增加了几百纳秒。射击的可重复性足以遵循形态的总变化，但细节不足。因为在等离子体镜头之间为脉冲电容器库充电大约需要2分钟，所以这种单发积累技术既乏味又耗时。