A Systematic Investigation of the South African Holoparasitic Genus Hyobanche L. (Orobanchaceae)

南非全寄生属Hyobanche L.（列当科）的系统研究

• 批准号: 0089640
• 负责人: Andrea Wolfe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-01 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089640&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Systematic; Investigation; South; African; Holoparasitic

0089640Wolfe Parasitic plants, ones which have lost all photosynthetic ability and exist by absorbing nutrients through haustorial (usually root) connections from other nearby plants, are known in several lineages of angiosperms. Hyobanche (in the family Orobanchaceae) is one such group, a small genus of eight or so species native to southern Africa, and thought to be related to the photosynthetic genus Harveya. There is considerable confusion regarding species delimitation, abundance, host associations, and pollination for Hyobanche, which has not been studied in the field in any detail. Dr. Andrea Wolfe of Ohio State University is studying the systematics, evolution, and biology of this group of plants, by combining field collecting and observation with laboratory work on morphology and DNA sequencing to acquire new characters for phylogenetic and population-genetic analyses. Because the genus is small and is restricted in distribution to a narrow geographic region, a thorough sampling of many individuals from populations of all the species is planned. Nuclear and chloroplast gene markers are expected to provide sufficient characters for robust phylogenetic resolution of the species, in combination with morphological features. A taxonomic monograph of the genus is projected as one product of the investigation, which will include detailed geographical distributions to aid in conservation efforts. A valuable component of the project is a detailed molecular investigation of the DNA sequences and flanking regions for the chloroplast photosynthetic gene rbcL, which preliminary data suggest to be mutated into a nonfunctional "pseudogene" in these plants. Hyobanche offers an excellent system for examining in a phylogenetic context the pattern and rate of pseudogene formation following the loss of photosynthesis.

0089640Wolfe寄生植物，它们失去了所有光合作用能力，并通过在附近其他植物中吸收养分（通常是根）的养分而存在，在几种血管中是已知的。 Hybanche（在Orobanchaceae家族中）就是这样的群体，是南部非洲本地的八个左右物种的小属，被认为与Harveya的光合物属有关。关于物种划界，丰度，宿主协会和授粉的混乱，尚未在该领域进行任何详细研究。俄亥俄州立大学的安德里亚·沃尔夫（Andrea Wolfe）博士正在研究这组植物的系统，进化和生物学，通过将田间收集和观察与形态学和DNA测序的实验室工作相结合，以获取用于系统发育和人群生成分析的新特征。由于该属很小，并且在分布到狭窄的地理区域的分布限制，因此计划对许多种群的许多人进行彻底的取样。预计核成形基因标志物将提供足够的特征，以与形态特征结合形态特征，以实现该物种的稳健系统发育分辨率。该属的分类学专着被预测为调查的一种产品，其中将包括详细的地理分布，以帮助进行保护工作。 该项目的一个有价值的组成部分是对叶绿体光合基因rbcl的DNA序列和侧翼区域的详细分子研究，这些植物的初步数据表明将其突变为这些植物中非功能性的“假基因”。 Hyobanche提供了一个很好的系统，用于在系统发育环境中检查光合作用丧失后伪代形成的模式和速率。