Doctoral Dissertation Improvement: Genetic Transposition of Baboon Endogenous Virus (BaEV) in Hybrid Old World Monkeys (Primates: Papionini)

博士论文改进：狒狒内源病毒（BaEV）在杂交旧世界猴（灵长类动物：Papionini）中的遗传转座

• 批准号: 0087329
• 负责人: Clifford Jolly
• 金额: $ 0.48万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-01-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0087329&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Genetic; Transposition

More than 14 decades after the publication of "On the Origin of Species," the processes leading to the appearance and genetic stabilization of new, consistently distinct populations remains one of the least understood of evolutionary processes. While a variety of mechanisms may be associated with genetic isolation, attention recently has focussed upon genome-level features that are both rapidly-evolving and can drastically reduce the ability of their carriers to interbreed and produce viable hybrid offspring. A variety of recent evidence implicates transposable elements (TEs) in facilitating such reproductive isolation. TEs are small (100-10kb base pairs) genetic elements that have retained their ability to move about within genomes. Investigations conducted on organisms as diverse as fruit flies and wallabies suggest that there is a positive correlation between transposable element activity and sterility in inter-strain hybrids. In order to determine how TE-mediated barriers to inter-population hybridization might evolve, it is necessary to examine the behavior of such elements in fertile hybrids and their progeny in naturally occurring hybrid zones.The goal of this project is to investigate the relationship between TE amplification and hybridity by testing for evidence of baboon endogenous virus (BaEV) transposition in a graded series of Old World Monkey hybrids in the papionin group. BaEV is an endogenous retrovirus that was once transmitted horizontally from individual to individual but now forms an integrated part of the vertically inherited genome of many Old World Monkeys. Retroviruses are one of the most complex TE forms, with large genomes that can generate copies through the intrinsically driven process of reverse transcription. This project will thus investigate the relationship between TE activity and reproductive isolation by testing BaEV amplification in papionin hybrids with varying degrees of hybrid ancestry. The specific aims of the proposed research are: to determine the degree to which BaEV amplification is correlated with hybrid sterility; to determine the degree to which BaEV amplification increases in hybrid papionins with increased evolutionary distance between parental taxa; to detect novel BaEV integrations in individuals with known parentage that may be attributable to specific hybridization events; and to determine the extent of BaEV sequence variation in a wild primate population. These objectives will be accomplished by sampling a graded series of hybrid papionins reflecting different degrees of hybrid ancestry. These data will serve as a first step in determining the contribution of TEs to reproductive isolation in papionins.

出版“关于物种的起源”的14多年，导致新的，始终截然不同的人群的外观和遗传稳定的过程仍然是对进化过程的最低了解之一。 虽然各种机制可能与遗传隔离有关，但最近的注意力集中在基因组级特征上，这些特征既快速发展又可以大大降低其载体杂交和产生可行的混合后代的能力。 最近的各种证据暗示了可转座元素（TES）促进这种生殖隔离。 TES是很小的（100-10kb碱基对）遗传元素，它们保留了其在基因组中移动的能力。 对像果蝇和小袋鼠一样多样的生物进行的研究表明，在融合间杂种中，可转座元素活性与无菌性之间存在正相关。 为了确定TE介导的人群间杂交的障碍如何发展，有必要检查肥沃的杂种中此类元素的行为及其在自然发生的杂种区域中的行为。该项目的目的是研究该项目的关系通过测试在帕普蛋白组的一系列旧世界猴子杂种中，通过测试狒狒内源性病毒（BAEV）换位的证据来扩增和杂交。 Baev是一种内源性逆转录病毒，曾经是从个人到个体传播的，但现在形成了许多旧世界猴子的垂直遗传基因组的综合部分。 逆转录病毒是最复杂的TE形式之一，具有大型基因组，可以通过本质上驱动的逆转录过程产生副本。 因此，该项目将通过测试与杂种祖先不同程度的帕皮植物混合体中的BAEV扩增来研究TE活性与生殖隔离之间的关系。 拟议的研究的具体目的是：确定Baev扩增与杂种不育相关的程度；为了确定杂种木丁素的Baev扩增在多大程度上增加的程度，而父母分类单元之间的进化距离增加；检测具有已知亲属的个体中的新型BAEV整合，这可能归因于特定的杂交事件；并确定野生灵长类动物种群中Baev序列变化的程度。 这些目标将通过对反映不同程度的杂种血统的一系列分级的杂种蛋白进行采样来实现。 这些数据将是确定TE对蛋白酶生殖隔离的贡献的第一步。