U.S.-U.K. Cooperative Research: Experimental Study of Lava-Flow Interactions with Snow and Ice

美英合作研究：熔岩流与冰雪相互作用的实验研究

• 批准号: 0000237
• 负责人: Joseph Walder
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: Portland State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-05-15 至 2002-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0000237&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; U.K.; Cooperative; Research; Experimental

0000237WalderThis two-year award for U.S.-U.K. collaboration on lava-flow interactions with snow and ice involves Joseph Walder of Portland State University and the Cascades Volcano Observatory of the U.S. Geological Survey in Vancouver, Washington, and R. Stephen J. Sparks of the Centre for Environmental Geophysical Flows, University of Bristol. The research collaboration is aimed at understanding flood generation and debris flows caused by the movement of lava over snow and glacier ice. Several distinct sets of experiments are proposed. Simulated lava flows will be released over ice and artificial snow, and the rate of meltwater production will be determined as a function of lava temperature, viscosity, discharge rate and ice-surface slope. Simulated lava flows will also be released over ice blocks containing features that emulate glacial crevasses and a glacial meltwater drainage system. Experimental results will be compared to theoretical models that then can be scaled to make predictions about real-world phenomena.The U.S. investigator brings to this collaboration expertise in glaciology and the interaction of hot volcanic grain flows with snow. This is complemented by the U.K. investigator's expertise in physical volcanology. The Bristol Centre is the best facility in the world for experimental work on ice-lava interactions and has specialized equipment for simulating lava flows over ice. The project will advance understanding of how flooding occurs and may be used to predict flooding caused by eruptive volcanic activity.

0000237 Walderththis在美国 - 美国与雪与冰的熔岩互动合作的两年奖涉及波特兰州立大学的约瑟夫·沃尔德（Joseph Walder）和美国地质调查局的喀斯喀特火山观测站，华盛顿，华盛顿州，R。StephenJ.Stephen J.Stephen J. 研究合作旨在了解熔岩在雪地和冰川冰上的运动引起的洪水和碎屑流。 提出了几组不同的实验集。 模拟的熔岩流将在冰和人造雪上释放，并且融化产量的速率将取决于熔岩温度，粘度，排放速率和冰面坡度的函数。 模拟的熔岩流也将在冰块上释放，其中包含模仿冰川裂缝和冰川融水排水系统的特征。 实验结果将与理论模型进行比较，然后可以缩放以进行现实现象的预测。 这是英国研究人员在物理火山学方面的专业知识所补充的。 布里斯托尔中心（Bristol Center）是世界上最好的设施，用于实验冰湖相互作用的实验性工作，并具有用于模拟冰上熔岩流的专业设备。 该项目将进一步了解洪水的发生方式，并可以用来预测由喷发性火山活动引起的洪水。