Determinants of Male Dominance and Reproductive Success in Wild Primates

野生灵长类动物雄性优势和繁殖成功的决定因素

• 批准号: 9817588
• 负责人: Anne Pusey
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-02-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9817588&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Determinants; Male; Dominance; Reproductive; Success

Animal Behavior ProgramNontechnical AbstractProposal #: 9817588PI: Pusey, AnneTitle: Determinants of male dominance and reproductive success in wild primatesMale chimpanzees and baboons compete for dominance rank and for access to receptive females. The ultimate goal of the project is to determine how male reproductive success is influenced by such physical traits as body size, canine length and morphological symmetry and by such behavioral strategies as social dominance, alliance formation, paternal care and the cultivation of long-term relationships with females. Dr. Pusey's research will be carried out on the chimpanzees and baboons of Gombe National Park on populations that have been studied for nearly 40 years. This is an extraordinary database upon which to anchor interpretations of the results from this project. The immediate goal is to perfect techniques for paternity exclusions by extracting DNA from fecal samples and hair. Samples will be collected as part of the long-term studies at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Various extraction techniques will be tested, and human MapPairTM primers will be screened to identify genetic markers in chimpanzees and baboons that exhibit necessary levels of heterozygosity yet whose alleles are sufficiently distinguishable from humans to minimize problems associated with contamination.Measuring the relationship between physical prowess, symmetry, dominance rank, and reproductive success will increase understanding of the evolution of sexual dimorphism and the importance of symmetry in indicating "quality." Measuring the effects of behavioral strategies will reveal the extent to which male mating competition has driven the evolution of complex social behavior. Because these genetic techniques are non-invasive, the project will greatly enhance the ability to monitor levels of inbreeding in endangered populations.

动物行为计划非技术摘要提案编号：9817588PI：Pusey，Anne标题：野生灵长类动物中雄性统治地位和繁殖成功的决定因素雄性黑猩猩和狒狒争夺统治地位并争夺接受雌性的机会。 该项目的最终目标是确定体型、犬齿长度和形态对称性等身体特征以及社会统治、联盟形成、父亲照顾和长期关系培养等行为策略如何影响雄性生殖成功与女性。 Pusey博士的研究将针对贡贝国家公园的黑猩猩和狒狒种群进行，这些种群已经研究了近40年。 这是一个非凡的数据库，可以用来解释该项目的结果。目前的目标是通过从粪便样本和头发中提取 DNA 来完善亲子鉴定技术。 作为长期研究的一部分，将在坦桑尼亚贡贝国家公园收集样本。 将测试各种提取技术，并筛选人类 MapPairTM 引物，以识别黑猩猩和狒狒的遗传标记，这些标记表现出必要的杂合性水平，但其等位基因与人类有足够的区别，以最大限度地减少与污染相关的问题。对称性、优势等级和繁殖成功率将增加对两性二态性进化以及对称性在指示“质量”方面的重要性的理解。 测量行为策略的影响将揭示雄性交配竞争在多大程度上推动了复杂社会行为的进化。 由于这些遗传技术是非侵入性的，该项目将大大增强监测濒危种群近亲繁殖水平的能力。