Collaborative Research: Long-Term Diapause and Spreading of Risk Across the Life Cycle

合作研究：长期滞留和风险在整个生命周期的传播

• 批准号: 9815365
• 负责人: Nelson Hairston
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9815365&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Long; Term; Diapause

9815365Hairston, Jr.This research project is an investigation of the characteristics that permit organisms to survive in environments that vary though time. This issue will be explored for two populations of freshwater crustaceans (copepods) that experience year-to-year changes in the depths of the lakes in which they live. Previous studies have shown that the copepods are of two kinds: those with a long-term dormancy that makes it possible for them to survive harsh periods; and those possessing a low-risk life history while they are active in the water column. This project asks under what conditions these two "strategies" should be expected to coexist, and whether the organisms possessing them differ genetically. The work involves collections of active animals and dormant eggs from lakes, combined with laboratory breeding experiments. The data will then be compared with theoretical predictions to gain a fuller understanding of organism survival in changing environments.One projected effect of global environmental change is an increase in climate variation among years. This temporal variation is a special challenge for organisms because characters that work well under one set of conditions may not work under another. According to theory, organisms may be expected to evolve compromise, or "bet-hedging" life histories that permit them to survive under such conditions. This project asks if the characteristics organisms possess are in fact those predicted by theory. The answer will help in understanding the long-term and short-term responses of organisms to changing environments.

9815365HAIRSTON，JR。此研究项目是对允许生物体在不同时间内生存的特征的研究。 将为两个淡水甲壳类动物（Copepods）探索这个问题，这些人群在其居住的湖泊深处逐年变化。 先前的研究表明，co脚是两种：长期休眠的人，使他们有可能在苛刻的时期生存；以及那些在水柱中活跃的低风险生活历史的人。 该项目询问在什么条件下，应该期望这两种“策略”共存，以及拥有它们的生物体是否在遗传上有所不同。 这项工作涉及从湖泊中收集活跃的动物和休眠卵，再加上实验室育种实验。 然后，将将数据与理论预测进行比较，以便对不断变化的环境中的生物存活有更深入的了解。全球环境变化的一种预测效应是多年气候变化的增加。 这种时间变化对于生物体来说是一个特殊的挑战，因为在一组条件下运作良好的角色在另一组条件下可能不起作用。 根据理论，可以期望有机体进化妥协，或“押注”生命历史，使它们在这种情况下能够生存。 该项目询问生物体所拥有的特征实际上是理论上预测的。 答案将有助于理解生物对不断变化环境的长期和短期反应。