Collaborative Research: Long-Term Diapause and Spreading of Risk Across the Life Cycle

合作研究：长期滞留和风险在整个生命周期的传播

• 批准号: 9815365
• 负责人: Nelson Hairston
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9815365&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Long; Term; Diapause

9815365Hairston, Jr.This research project is an investigation of the characteristics that permit organisms to survive in environments that vary though time. This issue will be explored for two populations of freshwater crustaceans (copepods) that experience year-to-year changes in the depths of the lakes in which they live. Previous studies have shown that the copepods are of two kinds: those with a long-term dormancy that makes it possible for them to survive harsh periods; and those possessing a low-risk life history while they are active in the water column. This project asks under what conditions these two "strategies" should be expected to coexist, and whether the organisms possessing them differ genetically. The work involves collections of active animals and dormant eggs from lakes, combined with laboratory breeding experiments. The data will then be compared with theoretical predictions to gain a fuller understanding of organism survival in changing environments.One projected effect of global environmental change is an increase in climate variation among years. This temporal variation is a special challenge for organisms because characters that work well under one set of conditions may not work under another. According to theory, organisms may be expected to evolve compromise, or "bet-hedging" life histories that permit them to survive under such conditions. This project asks if the characteristics organisms possess are in fact those predicted by theory. The answer will help in understanding the long-term and short-term responses of organisms to changing environments.

9815365Hairston, Jr. 该研究项目旨在调查有机体在随时间变化的环境中生存的特征。 我们将针对两个淡水甲壳类动物（桡足类）种群来探讨这个问题，它们所生活的湖泊深度每年都会发生变化。 先前的研究表明，桡足类动物有两种类型：一种是具有长期休眠能力的，这使得它们能够在严酷的时期生存下来；另一种是具有长期休眠能力的桡足类动物。以及那些在水体中活动时具有低风险生活史的人。 该项目询问在什么条件下这两种“策略”应该共存，以及拥有它们的生物体在遗传上是否不同。 这项工作包括从湖泊中收集活跃的动物和休眠的卵，并结合实验室育种实验。 然后将这些数据与理论预测进行比较，以更全面地了解生物体在不断变化的环境中的生存。全球环境变化的一个预计影响是多年来气候变化的增加。 这种时间变化对生物体来说是一个特殊的挑战，因为在一组条件下表现良好的角色可能在另一组条件下无法发挥作用。 根据理论，生物体可能会进化出妥协或“对冲”的生命史，使它们能够在这种条件下生存。 该项目询问生物体所具有的特征是否确实是理论预测的。 答案将有助于理解生物体对不断变化的环境的长期和短期反应。